stats_column_id 和 index_column_id 不会随着聚集索引的物理顺序改变而更新

Question

除非我误解了列的用途，否则以下代码表明聚集索引结构的更改不会更改sys.stats_columns DMV 中stats_column_id列的序数位置 ( ) 。（在 AdventureWorks2014、AdventureWorks2008R2 中测试）

select i.name, c.name, ic.column_id, ic.index_column_id
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.index_columns ic
    on i.object_id = ic.object_id
    and i.index_id = ic.index_id
join sys.columns c 
    on i.object_id = c.object_id
    and ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.name = 'PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID'
order by ic.key_ordinal;

select sh.name,s.name, c.name, c.column_id, sc.column_id, sc.stats_column_id
from sys.stats s 
join sys.stats_columns sc
    on s.object_id = sc.object_id
    and s.stats_id = sc.stats_id
join sys.columns c 
    on s.object_id = c.object_id
    and sc.column_id = c.column_id
join sys.tables t 
    on s.object_id = t.object_id
join sys.schemas sh
    on t.schema_id = sh.schema_id
where s.name = 'PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID'
order by sc.stats_column_id;

dbcc show_statistics('[Person].[BusinessEntityAddress]','PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID') with density_vector;

ALTER TABLE [Person].[BusinessEntityAddress] DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID]
GO

ALTER TABLE [Person].[BusinessEntityAddress] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    AddressID ASC,
    [BusinessEntityID] ASC, 
    [AddressTypeID] ASC
)
GO


select i.name, c.name, ic.column_id, ic.index_column_id
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.index_columns ic
    on i.object_id = ic.object_id
    and i.index_id = ic.index_id
join sys.columns c 
    on i.object_id = c.object_id
    and ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.name = 'PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID'
order by ic.key_ordinal;

select sh.name,s.name, c.name, c.column_id, sc.column_id, sc.stats_column_id
from sys.stats s 
join sys.stats_columns sc
    on s.object_id = sc.object_id
    and s.stats_id = sc.stats_id
join sys.columns c 
    on s.object_id = c.object_id
    and sc.column_id = c.column_id
join sys.tables t 
    on s.object_id = t.object_id
join sys.schemas sh
    on t.schema_id = sh.schema_id
where s.name = 'PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID'
order by sc.stats_column_id;

dbcc show_statistics('[Person].[BusinessEntityAddress]','PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID') with density_vector;

但是，密度向量表示索引/统计对象的前导列发生了变化。这是我的根本误解吗？如果是这样，我将如何使用 DMV 找到统计对象的前导列？

经测试的 SQL Server 版本：2008R2、2014

Answer 1

我在尝试重现其他人从 SQL Server 中的 sys.dm 视图检索索引信息的方式时遇到了同样的问题。我只是无法弄清楚索引中列的顺序。

以下是我创建的脚本，用于确定给定表的任何给定索引中的列顺序：

SELECT s.name                  AS Schema_name,
       o.name                  AS Table_Name,
       i.type_desc             AS Index_Type,
       i.name                  AS Index_Name,
       c.name           AS Table_Column,
       i.fill_factor           AS Indx_Fill_Factor,
       ic.key_ordinal          AS [Key_ordinal (IDX Column_Order)],
       ic.index_column_id      AS Index_column_id,
       stc.stats_column_id     AS Stats_Col_ID,
       -- Additional info for each joined table
       -- comment out what you don't need
       -- 2 lines at a time
       --
       -- '| table object -->', -- column seperator
       -- o.*,
       -- '| schema object-->', -- column seperator
       -- s.*,
       '| index info-->', -- column seperator
       i.*,
       '| sys index info -->', -- column seperator
       si.*,
       '| indx cols info -->', -- column seperator
       ic.*,
       '| tab cols info -->', -- column seperator
       c.*,
       '| idx stats info -->', -- column seperator
       st.*,
       '| idx stats columns info -->', -- column seperator
       stc.*
FROM   sys.objects             AS o
       JOIN sys.schemas        AS s
            ON  s.schema_id = o.schema_id
       JOIN sys.indexes        AS i
            ON  i.object_id = o.object_id
       JOIN sys.sysindexes as si
            ON  si.[id] = i.object_id
            AND si.indid = i.index_id
       JOIN sys.index_columns  AS ic
            ON  ic.object_id = i.object_id
            AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
       JOIN sys.columns        AS c
            ON  c.object_id = ic.object_id
            AND c.column_id = ic.column_id
       JOIN sys.stats          AS st
            ON  st.object_id = i.object_id
            and st.stats_id = i.index_id 
      JOIN sys.stats_columns  AS stc
      ON c.column_id = stc.column_id
      AND stc.stats_id = st.stats_id
      AND stc.[object_id] = o.[object_id]
WHERE  1=1 
     --and i.type <> 1 -- Exclude Clustered Indexes. 0 = Heap; 1 = Clustered Index, 2 = Non-Clustered Index
       AND s.name != 'sys' -- Exclude sys items
       and o.name = 'BusinessEntityAddress'
       AND i.name = 'PK_BusinessEntityAddress_BusinessEntityID_AddressID_AddressTypeID'
ORDER BY
       o.object_id,
       i.index_id,
       ic.key_ordinal

sys.index_columns 表中的列key_ordinal是列在索引中存储的顺序。

key_ordinal该表没有一列sys.stats_columns。该列stats_column_id只是复制index_column_id它引用的对象的列。

sys.stats_columns (Transact-SQL)文章中该列的措辞略有不同stats_column_id：

一组统计列中从 1 开始的序数。

...在文章sys.index_columns (Transact-SQL)中该key_ordinal列：

键列集中的序号（从 1 开始）。

我认为index_column_id(sys.index_columns) 和stats_column_id(sys.stats_columns) 彼此等效，并且只有 sys.index_columns 表具有排序列，即key_ordinal。