那些遇到过的问题

我可以使用行锁提示解决死锁吗？

Ada*_*ler 5 sql-server-2005 sql-server deadlock delete lock-escalation

我有一个大的删除存储过程，并且在删除不会删除任何内容的情况下重现了死锁。

看起来遇到死锁的存储过程的部分是这样的（更改了表名）：

DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId
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在我看来，尝试从这个大表中删除时，两个删除操作同时运行并且彼此死锁。对于这些项目，我知道不会有非常大的表 table1、table2、table3 的记录。

我想知道这是否可以通过更改为：

DELETE d
FROM Table1 d WITH(rowlock)
inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId
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我在想，由于 table1 是一个大表，sql-server 会锁定整个页面，而此提示将使其仅锁定行。请注意，我在 Table2Id、Table3Id、Table4Id 和 entityid 上对 fk 进行了索引。

我已按照此处所述启用跟踪：http : //blogs.msdn.com/b/bartd/archive/2006/09/09/deadlock-troubleshooting_2c00_-part-1.aspx

和：

DBCC TRACEON (1222, -1)
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以下是“2011-08-29 15:46:57.78 spid15s”的日志输出切断了每一行的开头。从我看到的两个 usp_EntityFullDelete's 在同一个语句中死锁 - 一个删除行 746946 和一个删除行 628302。我对这个跟踪输出的分析是否正确？还有什么可以帮助防止这种情况发生的吗？

deadlock-list
 deadlock victim=process3e9ada8
  process-list
   process id=processbaf048 taskpriority=0 logused=20022 waittime=3890 schedulerid=1 kpid=1304 status=suspended spid=59 sbid=0 ecid=1 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135559188 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300ef337933809a04fd000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 746946,0     
    inputbuf
   process id=processbaf588 taskpriority=0 logused=20022 waittime=3906 schedulerid=1 kpid=6244 status=suspended spid=62 sbid=0 ecid=3 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135558120 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300fc3e1016609402c4000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 628302,0     
    inputbuf
   process id=process3e9a868 taskpriority=0 logused=580 waitresource=PAGE: 19:1:1942004 waittime=3890 ownerId=1135558120 transactionname=user_transaction lasttranstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.053 XDES=0xf2512b30 lockMode=U schedulerid=3 kpid=8808 status=suspended spid=62 sbid=0 ecid=8 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135558120 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300fc3e1016609402c4000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 628302,0     
    inputbuf
   process id=process3e9ada8 taskpriority=0 logused=0 waitresource=PAGE: 19:1:1928384 waittime=3765 ownerId=1135559188 transactionname=user_transaction lasttranstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 XDES=0xf2512d70 lockMode=U schedulerid=3 kpid=9196 status=suspended spid=59 sbid=0 ecid=6 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135559188 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300ef337933809a04fd000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 746946,0     
    inputbuf
   process id=process3e9b198 taskpriority=0 logused=20006 waittime=3984 schedulerid=3 kpid=9212 status=suspended spid=59 sbid=0 ecid=0 priority=0 transcount=2 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 loginname=sa isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135559188 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300ef337933809a04fd000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 746946,0     
    inputbuf
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 746946,0    
   process id=process46b0da8 taskpriority=0 logused=20006 waittime=4000 schedulerid=4 kpid=6596 status=suspended spid=62 sbid=0 ecid=0 priority=0 transcount=2 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 loginname=sa isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135558120 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300fc3e1016609402c4000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 628302,0     
    inputbuf
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 628302,0    
   process id=process46b1048 taskpriority=0 logused=0 waitresource=PAGE: 19:1:1942003 waittime=3937 ownerId=1135559188 transactionname=user_transaction lasttranstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 XDES=0xd0224ab0 lockMode=U schedulerid=4 kpid=7892 status=suspended spid=59 sbid=0 ecid=8 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.263 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135559188 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300ef337933809a04fd000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 746946,0     
    inputbuf
   process id=process46b16d8 taskpriority=0 logused=580 waitresource=PAGE: 19:1:441708 waittime=3937 ownerId=1135558120 transactionname=user_transaction lasttranstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:53.053 XDES=0xd0224870 lockMode=U schedulerid=4 kpid=6676 status=suspended spid=62 sbid=0 ecid=6 priority=0 transcount=0 lastbatchstarted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 lastbatchcompleted=2011-08-29T15:46:45.637 clientapp=.Net SqlClient Data Provider hostname=RGDS hostpid=9108 isolationlevel=read committed (2) xactid=1135558120 currentdb=19 lockTimeout=4294967295 clientoption1=671088672 clientoption2=128056
    executionStack
     frame procname=Bugfixes.dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete line=178 stmtstart=11180 stmtend=11776 sqlhandle=0x030013007b725817b4bfe400499f00000100000000000000
DELETE d
FROM Table1 d
    inner join dbo.Table2 orc on orc.id = d.Table2Id
    inner join dbo.Table3 orr on orr.id = orc.Table3Id
    inner join Table4 oeh on oeh.id = orr.Table4Id
    inner join @deleteEntities de on de.id = oeh.EntityId     
     frame procname=adhoc line=1 sqlhandle=0x01001300fc3e1016609402c4000000000000000000000000
exec dbo.usp_EntityFullDelete 628302,0     
    inputbuf
  resource-list
   pagelock fileid=1 pageid=1928384 dbid=19 objectname=Bugfixes.dbo.Table1 id=lockaef9db80 mode=U associatedObjectId=72057595211284480
    owner-list
     owner id=process46b0da8 mode=U
    waiter-list
     waiter id=process3e9ada8 mode=U requestType=wait
   exchangeEvent id=port80128a00 nodeId=22
    owner-list
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=process3e9ada8
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=process46b1048
    waiter-list
     waiter event=e_waitPortClose type=consumer id=processbaf048
   exchangeEvent id=port80128e20 nodeId=6
    owner-list
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=processbaf048
    waiter-list
     waiter event=e_waitPortOpen type=consumer id=process3e9b198
   pagelock fileid=1 pageid=1942004 dbid=19 objectname=Bugfixes.dbo.Table1 id=lockf3d1f080 mode=U associatedObjectId=72057595211284480
    owner-list
     owner id=process3e9b198 mode=U
    waiter-list
     waiter id=process3e9a868 mode=U requestType=wait
   exchangeEvent id=port80128ed0 nodeId=22
    owner-list
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=process46b16d8
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=process3e9a868
    waiter-list
     waiter event=e_waitPortClose type=consumer id=processbaf588
   exchangeEvent id=port80128320 nodeId=6
    owner-list
     owner event=e_waitNone type=producer id=processbaf588
    waiter-list
     waiter event=e_waitPortOpen type=consumer id=process46b0da8
   pagelock fileid=1 pageid=1942003 dbid=19 objectname=Bugfixes.dbo.Table1 id=lockfbcc1680 mode=U associatedObjectId=72057595211284480
    owner-list
     owner id=process46b0da8 mode=U
    waiter-list
     waiter id=process46b1048 mode=U requestType=wait
   pagelock fileid=1 pageid=441708 dbid=19 objectname=Bugfixes.dbo.Table1 id=lockfc628980 mode=U associatedObjectId=72057595211284480
    owner-list
     owner id=process3e9b198 mode=U
    waiter-list
     waiter id=process46b16d8 mode=U requestType=wait
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Mat*_*t M 3

即使指定了WITH(ROWLOCK)，SQL Server 仍然可以选择将行锁升级为表锁。这可能取决于许多因素，包括：删除的行数、事务获取的总锁数以及获取的所有锁的总内存压力。

Sunil Agarwal 写了一篇很棒的文章来描述这个过程，可以在这里找到： 链接

为了减轻这些 DELETE 语句的影响，您可以做的一件事是按块执行删除：

WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
    DELETE TOP(5000)
    FROM <table>
    WHERE <condition>

    IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0
    BEGIN
        BREAK;
    END
END
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不幸的是，你原来问题的答案是一个很大的“这取决于”。

编辑（添加查询以查看锁定信息）：

SELECT
    DB_NAME([tl].[resource_database_id]) AS [database_name],
    SCHEMA_NAME([o].[schema_id]) + '.' + [o].[name] AS [object_name],
    [tl].[request_type],
    [tl].[request_mode],
    [tl].[request_status]
FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions AS [es]

    INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_locks AS [tl]
        ON [es].[session_id] = [tl].[request_session_id]    

        INNER JOIN sys.objects AS [o]
            ON [tl].[resource_associated_entity_id] = [o].[object_id]
        
WHERE [es].[is_user_process] = 1;
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我希望这个“几乎回答”有帮助，

马特

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