证书、非对称密钥或私钥文件无效或不存在

Question

我正在尝试将数据库从不同的服务器还原到我的本地主机服务器上。那个数据库是加密的（bak 文件），所以我必须解密它，这很好，我有所有的证书文件和密码，但是出于某种原因，我仍然收到以下错误：

The certificate, asymmetric key, or private key file is not valid or does not exist; or you do not have permissions for it.

这是我正在执行的代码：

      CREATE CERTIFICATE [Certificate1] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Location of the certs'
WITH PRIVATE KEY ( 
    FILE = 'C:\Location of the certs' ,   
    DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'password'
);

附注。我不是备份和恢复方面的专家。

Answer 1

以下是我将加密数据库恢复到不同服务器（本地主机）上必须采取的步骤。

1.创建证书：

CREATE CERTIFICATE [CertficateName] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\FolderName\NameOfCert.cer'
WITH PRIVATE KEY ( 
    FILE = 'C:\FolderName\NameOfCertKey.key' ,   
    DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'
);

2.

USE Master ;
Open Master Key Decryption by password = 'YourPassword'
Backup master key to file = 'C:\SQL FodlerName\MasterKeyName.key'
        ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword';
    GO

3.恢复主密钥

Use master 
    restore master key
    FROM FILE = 'C:\FolderName\MasterKeyName.key'
    DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'
    ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'

4.这是最后一步，在这个阶段要小心，因为我花了一段时间才明白每个命令需要单独运行：

Alter Database [DatabaseName]
SET SINGLE_USER WITH
ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

接下来单独运行

USE MASTER
OPEN MASTER KEY DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword';

下一个命令单独运行

RESTORE DATABASE [DatabaseName] FROM DISK = 'C:\Folder\FULL\NameoftheBakFilethat ourAreRestoring.BAK' 
WITH Replace , STATS = 5 

不要忘记将数据库设置回多用户模式。