如何选择/计算列中存在相同值但不在同一表中的其他列中的行

Question

我有这个表结构和数据：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `default_relations_users` (
  `id_user_rq` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `id_user_ap` int(11) NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE KEY `rusers_rq_ap_idx` (`id_user_rq`,`id_user_ap`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;

INSERT INTO `default_relations_users` (`id_user_rq`, `id_user_ap`) VALUES
(1, 2),
(1, 3),
(1, 4),
(2, 1),
(2, 2),
(2, 3);

我只需要获取值在左侧但不在右侧的行，例如：将不会选择 1,2 和 2,1 但 1,3 和 1,4 是。我试试这个查询：

SELECT * FROM default_relations_users
WHERE default_relations_users.id_user_rq = 1 
 AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT id_user_ap FROM default_relations_users WHERE id_user_ap = 1) 

也许我不明白子查询是什么意思，或者我以错误的方式使用。所以有什么帮助吗？

Answer 1

SELECT A.*
FROM default_relations_users A
LEFT JOIN default_relations_users B
ON  A.id_user_rq = B.id_user_ap
AND A.id_user_ap = B.id_user_rq
WHERE B.id_user_rq IS NULL;

我加载了您的示例数据（我添加了一个额外的索引）

mysql> use Reynierpm
Database changed
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `default_relations_users`;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `default_relations_users` (
    ->   `id_user_rq` int(11) NOT NULL,
    ->   `id_user_ap` int(11) NOT NULL,
    ->   UNIQUE KEY `rusers_rq_ap_idx` (`id_user_rq`,`id_user_ap`),
    ->   UNIQUE KEY `rusers_ap_eq_idx` (`id_user_ap`,`id_user_rq`)
    -> ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO `default_relations_users` (`id_user_rq`, `id_user_ap`) VALUES
    -> (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from default_relations_users;
+------------+------------+
| id_user_rq | id_user_ap |
+------------+------------+
|          1 |          2 |
|          1 |          3 |
|          1 |          4 |
|          2 |          1 |
|          2 |          2 |
|          2 |          3 |
+------------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

这是我回答的结果

mysql> SELECT A.*
    -> FROM default_relations_users A
    -> LEFT JOIN default_relations_users B
    -> ON  A.id_user_rq = B.id_user_ap
    -> AND A.id_user_ap = B.id_user_rq
    -> WHERE B.id_user_rq IS NULL;
+------------+------------+
| id_user_rq | id_user_ap |
+------------+------------+
|          1 |          3 |
|          1 |          4 |
|          2 |          3 |
+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

试一试 ！！！

mysql> SELECT A.*
    -> FROM default_relations_users A
    -> LEFT JOIN default_relations_users B
    -> ON  A.id_user_rq = B.id_user_ap
    -> AND A.id_user_ap = B.id_user_rq
    -> WHERE B.id_user_rq IS NULL
    -> AND A.id_user_rq = 1;
+------------+------------+
| id_user_rq | id_user_ap |
+------------+------------+
|          1 |          3 |
|          1 |          4 |
+------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>