我已经使用了软件更新。之后就没有声音了。在花了几个小时阅读类似问题后，我意识到它们（包括重新安装 alsa 和 pulseaudio）都不适合我。
使用
lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio"
我得到以下结果：
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH cAVS (rev 10)
Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Cannon Lake PCH
cAVS Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 32, IRQ 11 Memory at
a4430000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Memory at a4100000
(64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M] Capabilities: <access denied>
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH SMBus Controller (rev
10)
-- 01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 10f8 (rev a1) Subsystem: …