损坏的软件包（update-notifier、update managticer）会破坏使用 apt 或 apt-get 或 dpkg 甚至 synap 的所有类型的安装

Question

很长一段时间以来，每当我安装软件包时，我都会遇到问题。例如，当我尝试安装外星人包时，我得到的结果是：

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sudo apt-get install alien\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\nalien is already the newest version (8.95).\n0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.\n4 not fully installed or removed.\nAfter this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.\nDo you want to continue? [O/n] O\nSetting up update-notifier-common (3.192.1.7) ...\nTraceback (most recent call last):\nFile "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 24, in  <module>\nimport debian.deb822\nFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/debian/deb822.py", line 38, in  <module>\nimport chardet\nModuleNotFoundError: No module named \'chardet\'\ndpkg: error processing package update-notifier-common (--configure):\ninstalled update-notifier-common package post-installation script     subprocess returned error exit status 1\ndpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-notifier:\nupdate-notifier depends on update-notifier-common (= 3.192.1.7); however:\nPackage update-notifier-common is not configured yet.\n\ndpkg: error processing package update-notifier (--configure):\ndependency problems - leaving unconfigured\ndpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:\nubuntu-desktop depends on update-notifier; however:\nPackage update-notifier is not configured yet.\n\ndpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):\ndependency problems - leaving unconfigured\ndpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-manager:\nupdate-manager depends on update-notifier; however:\nPackage update-notifier is not configured yet.\n\ndpkg: error processing package update-manager (--configure):\ndependency problems - leaving unconfigured\nNo apport report written because the error message indicates it\'s a follow-up error from a previous failure.\nNo apport report written because the error   message indicates it\'s a follow-up error from a previous failure.\nNo apport report written because MaxReports has already been reached\nErrors were encountered while processing:\nupdate-notifier-common\nupdate-notifier\nubuntu-desktop\nupdate-manager\nE: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)\n

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j\'ai essay\xc3\xa9 解决问题的解决方案\xc3\xa8me

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enter code here\nsudo apt-get autoremove\nReading package lists... Done\nBuilding dependency tree       \nReading state information... Done\n0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.\n4 not fully installed or removed.\nAfter this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.\nSetting up update-notifier-common (3.192.1.7) ...\nTraceback (most recent call last):\nFile "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 24, in <module>\nimport debian.deb822\nFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/debian/deb822.py", line 38, in <module>\nimport chardet\nModuleNotFoundError: No module named \'chardet\'\ndpkg: error processing package update-notifier-common (--configure):\ninstalled update-notifier-common package post-installation script     subprocess returned error exit status 1\nNo apport report written because the error message indicates it\'s a   follow-up error from a previous failure.\n dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-notifier:\n update-notifier depends on update-notifier-common (= 3.192.1.7);   however:\n Package update-notifier-common is not configured yet.\n dpkg: error processing package update-notifier (--configure):\n dependency problems - leaving unconfigured\n dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:\n ubuntu-desktop depends on update-notifier; however:\n Package update-notifier is not configured yet.\n\n dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):\n dependency problems - leaving unconfigured\n dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-manager:\n update-manager depends on update-notifier; however:\n Package update-notifier is not configured yet.\n\n dpkg: error processing package update-manager (--configure):\n dependency problems - leaving unconfigured\n No apport report written because the error message indicates it\'s a  follow-up error from a previous failure.\n No apport report written because MaxReports has already been reached\n Errors were encountered while processing:\n update-notifier-common\n update-notifier\n ubuntu-desktop\n update-manager\n E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)\n

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Answer 1

我今天遇到了同样的问题。在 Stack Overflow 网站上进行多次搜索后，没有找到想要的解决方案。不过我在中文网站上搜索后找到了解决方案，解决方案如下：

cd /var/lib/dpkg
sudo mv info info.bak
sudo mkdir info
sudo apt-get upgrade

参考这里