如何更改 /boot/grub/grub.cfg 中的 UUID

Question

我问如何更改uuid，/boot/grub/grub.cfg以便 grub 可以加载指定分区上的操作系统。

我有两个磁盘：

• SSD /dev/sda1 与 uuid d7f0cf11-3edf-4859-b65a-3b5bc60ea7b9
• 硬盘 /dev/sdb1 的 uuid 为 47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7

两个磁盘包含相同的内容（Ubuntu 根目录），但分区 uuid 不同，因为 的内容是从以下sda1克隆的sdb1clonezilla

问题是/boot/grub/grub.cfg自动生成的包含：

           if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1  47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7
            else
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7
            fi
            echo    'Loading Linux 4.4.0-146-generic ...'
            linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-146-generic root=UUID=47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff

表明 grub 选择 Ubuntu root 而sdb1不是sda1，而我希望它选择sda1。

我尝试直接替换所有47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7，d7f0cf11-3edf-4859-b65a-3b5bc60ea7b9然后运行update-grub，但随后一切都恢复了。

那么还有其他更好的解决方案吗？实际上是/boot/grub/grub.cfg自动生成的。如果我分离sdb1，grub 无法启动，因为它找不到 的 uuid sdb1。

谢谢

---

更新：

shijiex@shijie:~$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=d7f0cf11-3edf-4859-b65a-3b5bc60ea7b9  /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

#UUID=47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7 /old_os               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       2
# /backup was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=d36e69de-3af8-4302-a2b1-f32c2538493d /backup         ext4    defaults        0       0
# /home was on /dev/sda7 during installation
UUID=95ffe5be-ed1c-4d2b-b745-e31ba62ca63d /home           ext4    defaults        0       2
#UUID=e2ae897d-62b1-45d3-a17a-49e7a1b8fbe7 /home           ext4    defaults        0       2

# /vm was on /dev/sda8 during installation
#UUID=222bf555-b2d3-4607-a856-f5fd785b1862  /vm            ext4    defaults        0       2
# /opt was on /dev/sda8 during installation
UUID=ffbc1ea0-f426-4def-9349-a6f68b486b2f  /opt       ext4    defaults        0       0
# /other was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=657778bc-fde8-4261-9fe6-4134c6a7fb3f /other          ext4    defaults        0       0


# /other was on /dev/sda6 during installation
#UUID=6db98036-2350-4289-b9ef-8e0a2ae52eeb /win           ext4    defaults        0       2


# swap was on /dev/sda9 during installation
UUID=71c498b2-3484-4d5b-b64a-270cc352841b  none            swap    sw              0       0
#UUID=05f1ba29-4188-40d1-8597-de708b48ed50  /tmp           swap    sw              0       0

和blkid：

 shijiex@shijie:~$ sudo blkid 

[sudo] password for shijiex: 
/dev/sda1: UUID="d7f0cf11-3edf-4859-b65a-3b5bc60ea7b9" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2fe05ff9-01"
/dev/sda3: UUID="95ffe5be-ed1c-4d2b-b745-e31ba62ca63d" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2fe05ff9-03"
/dev/sda4: UUID="8d114eed-5ce4-4d6f-8a28-8a7092b01d46" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2fe05ff9-04"
/dev/sda5: UUID="94b0fb65-f56d-426d-81f9-d05a8ac783eb" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2fe05ff9-05"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="47d9205b-00a8-40e5-88d6-e8b9571799a7" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-01"
/dev/sdb10: LABEL="New Volume" UUID="6db98036-2350-4289-b9ef-8e0a2ae52eeb" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-0a"
/dev/sdb11: UUID="ffbc1ea0-f426-4def-9349-a6f68b486b2f" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-0b"
/dev/sdb5: UUID="d36e69de-3af8-4302-a2b1-f32c2538493d" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-05"
/dev/sdb6: UUID="657778bc-fde8-4261-9fe6-4134c6a7fb3f" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-06"
/dev/sdb7: UUID="e2ae897d-62b1-45d3-a17a-49e7a1b8fbe7" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-07"
/dev/sdb8: UUID="222bf555-b2d3-4607-a856-f5fd785b1862" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001c588-08"
/dev/sdb9: UUID="71c498b2-3484-4d5b-b64a-270cc352841b" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="0001c588-09"
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"

Answer 1

您表示您已将 HDD 克隆到 SDD。然而，当我查看sudo blkid和时cat /etc/fstab，并没有太多相关性。分区不匹配。UUID 不匹配。我怀疑您所做的更改不仅仅是克隆和启动。

在不确切知道你做了什么/如何做的情况下，很难为你提供一个简洁的答案......但你可以尝试这个......

• 打开你的机器，进入 GRUB 菜单
• 按e键进入编辑模式
• 使用箭头键找到“安静的飞溅”
• 找到UUID=xxxx同一行的开头
• 将整个UUID=xxxx部分更改为/dev/sda1
• control+x或F10编辑后继续启动
• 一旦启动，sudo update-grub然后reboot
• 进入BIOS启动菜单并选择SDA启动，或将启动顺序更改为CD-ROM/SDA/SDB等。
• 在 GRUB 菜单中，选择要从中启动的正确磁盘