无法使用 apt-get 正确安装 pip3

Question

我正在使用 Ubuntu 16.04，并且我的 pip3 遇到了问题。具体来说，当我尝试通过以下方式卸载软件包时

sudo pip3 uninstall

我遇到了

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'

我试图通过重新安装 pip3 来解决这个问题，特别是

 sudo python3 -m pip uninstall pip && sudo apt install python3-pip --reinstall

成功了。但是，我根本不再有本地版本的 pip3

bash: /home/kurt/.local/bin/pip3: No such file or directory

which pip3在我发现的新终端中使用，

$ which pip3
/usr/bin/pip3

并尝试使用 pip3 给我带来了

$ pip3
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py", line 33, in vendored
    __import__(vendored_name, globals(), locals(), level=0)
ImportError: No module named 'pip._vendor.pkg_resources'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 13, in <module>
    from pip.exceptions import InstallationError, CommandError, PipError
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/exceptions.py", line 6, in <module>
    from pip._vendor.six import iteritems
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py", line 75, in <module>
    vendored("pkg_resources")
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py", line 36, in vendored
    __import__(modulename, globals(), locals(), level=0)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 664, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 634, in _load_backward_compatible
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2927, in <module>
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2913, in _call_aside
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2952, in _initialize_master_working_set
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 956, in subscribe
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2952, in <lambda>
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2515, in activate
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2097, in declare_namespace
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2047, in _handle_ns
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pkg_resources-0.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2066, in _rebuild_mod_path
AttributeError: '_NamespacePath' object has no attribute 'sort'

但是，在键入sudo -H pip3 -v. 从apt重新安装pip3，例如

sudo apt-get install python3-pip --reinstall

没有效果。如果有人有任何见解或遇到过类似的问题，我将不胜感激任何有关如何解决此问题的意见。

Answer 1

使用卸载 pip3 后

sudo apt-get remove python3-pip

我删除了目录

$HOME/.local/lib/python3.5/site-pacakges

并使用 apt-get 重新安装 pip3

sudo apt-get install python3-pip

这似乎已经解决了这个问题。尝试使用pip3或时，我不再收到上述错误sudo pip3。相反, pip3 -V, sudo pip3 -V, 和sudo -H pip3 -V所有相同且成功地返回

pip 8.1.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.5)