SSD 问题：CRC 错误不断增加，冻结，有时是只读的
Mua*_*rif 6 hardware ssd disk smart ubuntu-gnome
我的笔记本电脑 SSD出现故障，自上次发布以来，错误数量猛增。
这个驱动器死了/快死了吗？
它现在已经打开，我正在写这个 - 我已经备份了所有数据，但我仍然不确定它是否可用？
联系制造商并没有多大帮助：他们让我安装 Windows 并从那里运行磁盘检查实用程序，或者将其作为外部驱动器连接到 Windows 主机并在那里进行测试。
我两者都做了，没有遇到错误。
我还使用他们提供的实用程序对其进行了检查（请参见下面的屏幕截图）。然后我用我用clonezilla制作的镜像返回到Ubuntu，发现SATA PHY错误计数接近300个错误！
我还检查了连接器，但由于 SSD 在笔记本电脑中，我无法更换电缆（很容易）。
这些是制造商的实用程序生成的测试结果
然后smartctl在 Ubuntu上输出：
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.14.0-041400-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: SPCC Solid State Disk
Serial Number: XXXXXXXXXX
Firmware Version: S9FM02.8
User Capacity: 120,034,123,776 bytes [120 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-3 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Feb 18 02:22:56 2018 EET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 30) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6352
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2717
168 Unknown_Attribute 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
170 Unknown_Attribute 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 25
173 Unknown_Attribute 0x0000 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 105447539
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 77
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0023 070 070 000 Pre-fail Always - 30
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0000 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
218 Unknown_Attribute 0x0000 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 15431
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6281157
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 298 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 298 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 01 01 00 00 00
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ff d5 01 01 00 00 00 ff 00:11:08.077 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
ca 00 80 b0 8f 12 e1 00 00:11:08.076 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 8f 12 e1 00 00:11:08.076 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 b0 8e 12 e1 00 00:11:08.075 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 8e 12 e1 00 00:11:08.074 WRITE DMA
Error 297 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 01 01 00 00 00
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ff d5 01 01 00 00 00 ff 00:11:08.039 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
ca 00 80 b0 7c 12 e1 00 00:11:08.038 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 7c 12 e1 00 00:11:08.038 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 b0 7b 12 e1 00 00:11:08.037 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 7b 12 e1 00 00:11:08.037 WRITE DMA
Error 296 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 01 01 00 00 00
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ff d5 01 01 00 00 00 ff 00:11:07.974 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
ca 00 80 b0 48 12 e1 00 00:11:07.973 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 48 12 e1 00 00:11:07.972 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 b0 47 12 e1 00 00:11:07.972 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 47 12 e1 00 00:11:07.972 WRITE DMA
Error 295 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 01 01 00 00 00
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ff d5 01 01 00 00 00 ff 00:11:07.927 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
ca 00 80 b0 2a 12 e1 00 00:11:07.926 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 2a 12 e1 00 00:11:07.925 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 b0 29 12 e1 00 00:11:07.925 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 29 12 e1 00 00:11:07.924 WRITE DMA
Error 294 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 01 01 00 00 00
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ff d5 01 01 00 00 00 ff 00:11:07.899 [VENDOR SPECIFIC]
ca 00 80 b0 22 12 e1 00 00:11:07.898 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 22 12 e1 00 00:11:07.897 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 b0 21 12 e1 00 00:11:07.897 WRITE DMA
ca 00 80 30 21 12 e1 00 00:11:07.896 WRITE DMA
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6288 -
# 2 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 6285 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6285 -
# 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6283 -
# 5 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6283 -
# 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6283 -
# 7 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6262 -
# 8 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 6262 -
# 9 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 6262 -
#10 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6262 -
#11 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6262 -
#12 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 6211 -
#13 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6211 -
#14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6211 -
#15 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6075 -
#16 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 5564 -
#17 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 5564 -
#18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 5564 -
#19 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 5319 -
#20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 5319 -
#21 Conveyance offline Completed without error 00% 4403 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
您在 2017 年 5 月 11 日之前的某个时间更新了 SSD 固件。不过， 2017 年 9 月发布了新版本，您应该使用 Windows 应用它。
运行fstrim以丢弃文件系统中未使用的块：
$ sudo fstrim --verbose --all
/mnt/c: 16 EiB (18446744073709551615 bytes) trimmed
/mnt/e: 16 EiB (18446744073709551615 bytes) trimmed
/: 23.4 GiB (25132920832 bytes) trimmed
就我而言，Windows 10 分区的结果非常/mnt/c出色/mnt/e。所以我检查了文件，数据没有受到任何损害。
fsck -f未安装分区时，使用 Live-USB 启动后在 SSD 上运行。fsck -f另一个选项是从 grub运行-如何在卸载硬盘时使用可引导 USB 记忆棒对硬盘进行 fsck？。
正如评论中提到的，坏的 SATA 电缆可能会导致错误。但正如这个答案指出的那样，连接松动也会导致错误。要排除连接不良/松动的情况，请从 SSD 上拔下插头，将压缩空气吹过插头和驱动器上的公插针，然后牢固地重新安装电缆。
你的时间值多少钱？
最后一个问题是你的时间值多少钱。假设您花了 10 个小时解决这个问题，那么每小时的费用为 5 美元，因为许多全新的 120GB SATA III SSD 都可以从ebay.com购买
2018 年 2 月 23 日更新
我今晚读了所有其他答案。一个答案说退货。但如果你这样做了并且他们没有发现任何问题，他们只会将其退回，而你将在 2 周到 2 个月内无法开车。
另一个答案说 smartctl 报告驱动器没有任何问题。
在这个答案中，我建议运行fsck -f，您回复说没有报告错误。
fsck每次启动都运行
作为否定答案（返回它）和肯定答案（没有任何问题）之间的折衷方案，我倾向于在每次启动时运行fsck。如果发现错误，启动将暂停，您可以阅读错误消息。总结一下链接的使用：
sudo tune2fs -c 1 /dev/sdX
注意：替换X为您的驱动器盘符，即a、b等。
如果一个月后没有出现错误，请将值从 更改1为30我认为对于大多数系统而言典型的值。在典型的 SSD 上fsck运行速度很快。
清洁并重新安装 SATA 电缆
其他人提到更换 SATA 电缆，这对于笔记本电脑来说是有问题的。作为折衷方案，请考虑拔下驱动器侧的所有电缆，在公端和母端使用压缩空气，然后将电缆牢固地插回。