当用户不在 /etc/passwd 中时更改默认 shell

Question

关于如何将外壳更改为鱼的任何想法？

$ sudo usermod -s /usr/bin/fish jaan
usermod: user 'jaan' does not exist in /etc/passwd
$ getent passwd $USER
jaan:x:15466:94:Jaan A:/home/jaan:/bin/zsh

相关问题：尝试更改默认shell时，/etc/passwd中不存在用户 似乎它使用了ldap。

$ cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd:         compat ldap
group:          compat ldap
shadow:         compat ldap

# Having the NOTFOUND=return bit was breaking dns resolution on web1 and web2. But we probably
# don't want any of the mdns stuff so let's get rid of it all.
#hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
hosts:          files dns

networks:       files

protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files

netgroup:       ldap
automount:      ldap

所以我安装了 ldap 相关的包。

$ chsh.ldap
LDAP password for jaan:
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
  Login Shell [/bin/zsh]: /usr/bin/fish
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/chsh.ldap", line 69, in <module>
    constants.NSLCD_USERMOD_SHELL: shell,
  File "/usr/share/nslcd-utils/nslcd.py", line 128, in usermod
    assert con.get_response() == constants.NSLCD_RESULT_BEGIN
  File "/usr/share/nslcd-utils/nslcd.py", line 103, in get_response
    return self.read_int32()
  File "/usr/share/nslcd-utils/nslcd.py", line 71, in read_int32
    return _int32.unpack(self.read(_int32.size))[0]
struct.error: unpack requires a string argument of length 4
$ which fish
/usr/bin/fish
$ chsh.ldap
LDAP password for jaan:
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
  Login Shell [/bin/zsh]: "/usr/bin/fish"
/usr/bin/chsh.ldap: "/usr/bin/fish" is an invalid shell
$ /usr/bin/fish
(standard_in) 1: syntax error
Welcome to fish, the friendly interactive shell

Answer 1

这里有一个提示：/usr/bin/chsh.ldap: "/usr/bin/fish" is an invalid shell。看来你应该添加/usr/bin/fish到/etc/shells.

Answer 2

在这里引用阿杰米奇的话，

您可以通过运行 chsh -s 将 Fish 设置为默认 shell，which fish 然后注销并重新登录。（要将其设置回 bash，当然您需要使用 Fish 语法，例如 chsh -s (which bash)）

只需使用chsh -s which fish并确保注销并重新登录或重新启动计算机。

顺便说一句，这可能是重复的：How do I set Fish as the default shell?