使用 apt 获取已安装的软件包 url

Question

您可能知道我们可以使用apt-get install --print-uris -y package-name它，它会向我们显示 URL、哈希和等的列表。

但是，如果我们将它用于已安装在系统上的软件包，则它不起作用：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
package is already the newest version (x.x-x).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

那么如何使用apt或其他 CLI 工具获取必要的 URL 列表aptitude？

PS： 我不想使用packages.ubuntu.com。

Answer 1

当然，并非所有已安装的软件包都有与之关联的 URL。但是，您可以使用apt-get dowload：

$ apt-get download --print-uris wget
'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/w/wget/wget_1.15-1ubuntu1.14.04.2_amd64.deb' wget_1.15-1ubuntu1.14.04.2_amd64.deb 270522 SHA256:a3f3b049ea373402236a804a5a0952c6ef9b356ba8cc19fbc1f257db6e8f3052

这是如 所示的候选版本apt-cache policy，可能不一定是已安装的版本。

Answer 2

添加该标志似乎就足够了--reinstall（至少在我的 16.04 系统上）例如

$ sudo apt-get install --print-uris wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
wget is already the newest version (1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2).
wget set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.

但

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall --print-uris wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 298 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
'http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/w/wget/wget_1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb' wget_1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb 298270 MD5Sum:09a54f8d74c78598f91c4b376f3d2f0e

注意：如果包当前已缓存，则此操作不起作用：

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall --download-only wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 298 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 wget amd64 1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2 [298 kB]
Fetched 298 kB in 0s (382 kB/s)
Download complete and in download only mode

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall --print-uris wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/298 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.

但清除缓存后

$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall --print-uris wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 73 not upgraded.
Need to get 298 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
'http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/w/wget/wget_1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb' wget_1.17.1-1ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb 298270 MD5Sum:09a54f8d74c78598f91c4b376f3d2f0e