Ulimit 和 make_sock 错误

Question

我正在尝试为 Ubuntu 11.10 配置 Redmine，在 11.10 中使用这种方法Redmine，但在某处与 apache 遇到了一些疯狂的障碍。发出 service apache2 restart 后，我​​收到以下错误。

 * Restarting web server apache2
ulimit: 88: error setting limit (Operation not permitted)
ulimit: 88: error setting limit (Operation not permitted)
(13)Permission denied: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:80 no listening sockets available, shutting down
Unable to open logs

我一直无法弄清楚 apache 到底发生了什么。我了解 ulimit 的作用（监视系统范围的资源分配）但不知道为什么不允许设置限制？

这是/etc/apache2/sites-available/default 的内容，问题的根源可能是...

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin jd@neongecko.com

    DocumentRoot /var/www
    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>

    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
        AllowOverride None
        Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
    <Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
    Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
    </Directory>

    # See 
    # http://www.modrails.com/documentation/Users%20guide%20Apache.html 
    # for details on what these options do.  They will lead to an increase
    # in memory usage, but significantly reduced access times.


    # Speeds up spawn time tremendously -- if your app is compatible. 
    # RMagick seems to be incompatible with smart spawning
    PassengerSpawnMethod smart


    # Keep the application instances alive longer. Default is 300 (seconds)
    PassengerPoolIdleTime 300


    # Additionally keep a copy of the Rails framework in memory. If you're 
    # using multiple apps on the same version of Rails, this will speed up
    # the creation of new RailsAppSpawners. This isn't necessary if you're
    # only running one or 2 applications, or if your applications use
    # different versions of Rails.
    RailsFrameworkSpawnerIdleTime 0

    # Just in case you're leaking memory, restart a listener 
    # after processing 5000 requests
    PassengerMaxRequests 5000


    # Only check for restart.txt et al up to once every 5 seconds, 
    # instead of once per processed request
    PassengerStatThrottleRate 5

    # Specify the minimum number of instances passenger can keep
    # while cleaning idle instances
    PassengerMinInstances 3

    <Location /redmine>
        Options Indexes -ExecCGI FollowSymLinks -MultiViews
        # AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all

        # mod_rails
        # PassengerUser redmine
        #RailsEnv edoceo_live
        RailsBaseURI /redmine

        # environment.rb
        # Redmine::Utils::relative_url_root = "/redmine"    
    </Location>

</VirtualHost>

# Then after the virtualhost is loaded, send it a request
# to initialize the redmine installation
PassengerPreStart http://2222.us/redmine

编辑我通过一些侥幸得到了错误日志，这是我在 error.log 中收到的错误，这可能会提供一些见解。

[Wed Dec 14 12:06:09 2011] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down
[Wed Dec 14 12:06:10 2011] [error] *** Passenger could not be initialized because of this error: Unable to start the Phusion Passenger watchdog because its executable (/usr/lib/phusion-passenger/agents/PassengerWatchdog) does not exist. This probably means that your Phusion Passenger installation is broken or incomplete, or that your 'PassengerRoot' directive is set to the wrong value. Please reinstall Phusion Passenger or fix your 'PassengerRoot' directive, whichever is applicable.
[Wed Dec 14 12:06:10 2011] [error] *** Passenger could not be initialized because of this error: Unable to start the Phusion Passenger watchdog because its executable (/usr/lib/phusion-passenger/agents/PassengerWatchdog) does not exist. This probably means that your Phusion Passenger installation is broken or incomplete, or that your 'PassengerRoot' directive is set to the wrong value. Please reinstall Phusion Passenger or fix your 'PassengerRoot' directive, whichever is applicable.
[Wed Dec 14 12:06:10 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.20 (Ubuntu) Phusion_Passenger/3.0.11 PHP/5.3.6-13ubuntu3.2 with Suhosin-Patch configured -- resuming normal operations

Answer 1

问题是权限错误和 Phusion 乘客安装不正确的结果。

问题是我试图以普通“用户”而不是 root 身份运行。我通过sudo'ing我的命令或sudo su'ing进入root并运行service apache2 restart来解决这个问题。如果可以，显然以普通用户身份重新启动 apache2，但 Redmine 和 Ruby 需要升级权限才能运行 ulimit 更改。