如何在 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 中将 Gedit 降级到以前的 (3.10.4) 版本

Question

正如标题所说：我有一些插件不能与 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 附带的 gedit 3.18.3 一起运行。

如何降级到 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 和 Ubuntu 15.10 中使用的 3.10.4 版本并安装所有可能的插件？

如果不再需要 3.10.4，我如何将其恢复为 3.18.3。

Answer 1

该解决方案非常复杂，因此请确保您仔细阅读并继续。作为准备，请确保您启用了所有数据包源，以便您/etc/apt/sources.list看起来像这样并进行升级：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
reboot

要安装旧版本：

然后作为第一步，您需要删除现有版本的 gedit。这样做，在你的终端运行下面的命令（ctrl+ alt+ t）：

# this installs the build dependencies
sudo apt-get build-dep gedit gedit-plugins
sudo apt-get install moreutils

# this uninstalls the 3.18.3 version of gedit, gedit-dev, 
# gedit-plugins and gedit-common and should get rid of everything else
# installed for gedit
sudo apt-get remove gedit gedit-dev gedit-plugins gedit-common

现在准备一个目录来工作。为了方便起见，我们在我们的主目录中这样做。

# creating directory and switching to it
mkdir ~/gedit-downgrade
cd ~/gedit-downgrade

下一步是创建一个wget-list文件以简化下载（您可以将整个字段复制并粘贴到终端中）。如果您使用的不是 64 位系统，您可能希望在此处找到 i386 的正确链接。

cat > wget-list << "EOF"
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gedit/gedit-common_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gedit/gedit_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_amd64.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gedit/gedit-dev_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_amd64.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-developer-plugins/gedit-developer-plugins_0.5.15-0ubuntu1_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-latex-plugin/gedit-latex-plugin_3.8.0-3build1_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-plugins/gedit-plugins_3.10.1-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-r-plugin/gedit-r-plugin_0.8.0.2-Gtk3-Python3-1ubuntu1_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-source-code-browser-plugin/gedit-source-code-browser-plugin_3.0.3-3_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gedit-valencia-plugin/gedit-valencia-plugin_0.8.0-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/rabbitvcs/rabbitvcs-gedit_0.16-1_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/s/supercollider/supercollider-gedit_3.6.6~repack-2-1build1_all.deb
EOF

现在您有了该wget-list文件，您可以通过键入 一次性下载所有内容wget -i wget-list，让文件下载，然后开始安装。

请按照以下步骤一一进行，如果您遇到依赖项错误，只需执行sudo apt-get remove <package-name>这反映了出现问题的包，然后手动安装依赖项，sudo apt-get install <package-name>然后再次执行 dpkg 行。不要，我的意思是sudo apt-get -f install在您尝试此安装时不要运行：它会将一切搞砸。

现在，让我们从基本包开始（经过测试并在干净的 16.04 LTS 安装上工作）：

# install gedit-common (essential needed)
sudo dpkg -i gedit-common_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_all.deb

# install gedit (essential needed)
sudo dpkg -i gedit_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_amd64.deb

# install gedit-dev (essential needed)
sudo dpkg -i gedit-dev_3.10.4-0ubuntu13_amd64.deb 

# install gedit-plugins (essential needed)
# here are some steps needed follow them carefully

    # unpacking the .deb file
    sudo dpkg-deb -R gedit-plugins_3.10.1-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb tmp

    # editing tmp/DEBIAN/control:
    # change 'python3 (<< 3.5), python3 (>= 3.4~), python3.4' to 'python3 (>= 3.5~), python3.5'
    sed 's/python3 (<< 3\.5), python3 (>= 3\.4~), python3\.4/python3 (>= 3.5~), python3.5/' tmp/DEBIAN/control | sudo sponge tmp/DEBIAN/control

    # editing tmp/DEBIAN/postinst
    # change 'py3compile -p gedit-plugins /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gedit/plugins -V 3.4' to
    # 'py3compile -p gedit-plugins /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gedit/plugins -V 3.5'
    sed 's/3\.4/3.5/' tmp/DEBIAN/postinst | sudo sponge tmp/DEBIAN/postinst

    # packing a new .deb file 
    sudo dpkg-deb -b tmp gedit-plugins_3.10.1-1ubuntu4_amd64.deb

    # changing ownership of the new .deb file replace username with your username
    sudo chown username:username gedit-plugins_3.10.1-1ubuntu4_amd64.deb

    # removing tmp
    sudo rm -rfv tmp

    # installing it
    sudo dpkg -i gedit-plugins_3.10.1-1ubuntu4_amd64.deb

以下软件包只是可选的，您应该能够轻松安装它们，要下载的依赖项已在上述干净的 16.04 LTS 安装中提供和测试。

# install gedit-developer-plugins (optional)
sudo apt-get install python-pocket-lint
sudo dpkg -i gedit-developer-plugins_0.5.15-0ubuntu1_all.deb

# install gedit-latex-plugin (optional)
sudo apt-get install rubber
sudo dpkg -i gedit-latex-plugin_3.8.0-3build1_all.deb

# install gedit-r-plugin (optional but needs gedit-plugins)
sudo dpkg -i gedit-r-plugin_0.8.0.2-Gtk3-Python3-1ubuntu1_all.deb 

# install gedit-source-code-browser-plugin (optional)
sudo apt-get install ctags
sudo dpkg -i gedit-source-code-browser-plugin_3.0.3-3_all.deb

# install gedit-valencia-plugin (optional)

    # unpacking .deb file
    sudo dpkg-deb -R gedit-valencia-plugin_0.8.0-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb tmp

    # edit tmp/DEBIAN/control
    # change 'libvala-0.28-0 (>= 0.15.1)' to 'libvala-0.30-0 (>= 0.15.1)'
    # change 'libvte-2.90-9 (>= 1:0.27.2)' to 'libvte-2.91-0 (>= 0.27.2)'
    sed -e 's/libvala-0\.28-0 (>= 0\.15\.1)/libvala-0.30-0 (>= 0.15.1)/' -e 's/libvte-2\.90-9 (>= 1:0\.27\.2)/libvte-2.91-0 (>= 0.27.2)/' tmp/DEBIAN/control | sudo sponge tmp/DEBIAN/control

    # packing a new .deb file 
    sudo dpkg-deb -b tmp gedit-valencia-plugin_0.8.0-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb

    # changing ownership of the new .deb file replace username with your username
    sudo chown username:username gedit-valencia-plugin_0.8.0-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb

    # removing tmp
    sudo rm -rfv tmp

    # installing it
    sudo dpkg -i gedit-valencia-plugin_0.8.0-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb

# install rabbitvcs-gedit (optional)
sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs-core
sudo dpkg -i rabbitvcs-gedit_0.16-1_all.deb

# install supercollider-gedit (optional)
sudo apt-get install supercollider-language
sudo dpkg -i supercollider-gedit_3.6.6~repack-2-1build1_all.deb

现在您必须确保在运行更新时不会更改软件包，因此请确保仅说明您已安装的软件包：

# now protecting this all from upgrading
sudo apt-mark hold gedit-common gedit gedit-dev gedit-developer-plugin gedit-latex-plugin gedit-plugins gedit-r-plugin gedit-source-code-browser-plugin gedit-valencia-plugin rabbitvcs-gedit supercollider-gedit

要扭转整个过程，请执行以下操作：

# removing protection from upgrades
sudo apt-mark unhold gedit-common gedit gedit-dev gedit-developer-plugin gedit-latex-plugin gedit-plugins gedit-r-plugin gedit-source-code-browser-plugin gedit-valencia-plugin rabbitvcs-gedit supercollider-gedit

# simply do an upgrade
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

有没有脚本可以做到这一点？：

是的，我什至制作了一个脚本来自动化整个过程，您可以在这里或通过以下方式获取它：

wget https://github.com/Videonauth/gdowngrade/blob/master/gdowngrade.sh

然后运行它：

chmod 755 ./gdowngrade.sh
sudo ./gdowngrade.sh

这将为您创建一个自定义文件，gupgrade.sh该文件允许您通过简单地逆转整个过程：

sudo ./gupgrade.sh

Answer 2

介绍

下面的脚本从源代码自动安装 gedit 3.10.4。它允许使用较旧和较新的 gedit 版本，以防用户决定要返回到较新的 gedit。该脚本创建后/usr/share/applications/gedit_downgraded.desktop，您还可以使用一个不错的快捷方式访问旧版 gedit。

用法非常简单：

sudo ./downgrade_gedit.sh [option]

选项-i用于安装或-u卸载

源代码也可以在我的 git 上找到，你可以通过运行：

git clone https://github.com/SergKolo/sergrep.git

脚本源

#!/bin/bash
#
###########################################################
# Author: Serg Kolo , contact: 1047481448@qq.com 
# Date: 
# Purpose: 
#    A script to install version 3.10.4 of gedit on Ubuntu
#    16.04 . Some users are unhappy with new gedit design
#    while others want to downgrade in order to use plugins
#    not available in the new gedit. This script simplifies
#    the downgarde process and building from source.
#    The source is obtained from Gnome's official ftp channels
#    The 3.10.4 is installed separatelly, so if you want to go
#    back to the newer version or used along-side 3.10.4 , you
#    can do so, as the newer version is not uninstalled
# Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/766055/295286
# Tested on: Ubuntu 16.04
###########################################################
# Copyright: Serg Kolo , 2016
#    
#     Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is hereby granted
#     without fee, provided that  the copyright notice above and this permission statement
#     appear in all copies.
#
#     THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
#     IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
#     FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
#     THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
#     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
#     FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
#     DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

set -e 
download_gedit()
{
  # Here gnome's official ftp channel is used 
  # feel free to use something else
  # just keep in mind you'd need to make changes to script accordingly
  wget http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gedit/3.10/gedit-3.10.4.tar.xz
}

extract_gedit()
{
 ARCHIVE="gedit-3.10.4.tar.xz"
 tar --extract --xz --verbose --file "$ARCHIVE" && \
 rm "$ARCHIVE"
}


resolve_depends()
{
 apt-get install intltool libenchant-dev libxml2-dev libgtksourceview-3.0-dev gsettings-desktop-schemas-dev  libpeas-dev  itstool libxml2-utils 
}

make_desktop_file()
{
cat > /usr/share/applications/gedit_downgraded.desktop  <<EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Gedit(downgraded)
Type=Application 
Terminal=false
Exec=/usr/local/bin/gedit %U
EOF
}

make_install_gedit()
{

 cd gedit-3.10.4
 ./configure #PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$(pkg-config --variable pc_path pkg-config)"
 make
 make install
}

install()
{
  # If /opt/gedit-3.10.4 doesn't exist, that's a first run
  # otherwise - create the directory, download and extract
  cd /opt
  if [ ! -d "gedit-3.10.4" ] ; then
      mkdir gedit-3.10.4
      download_gedit
      extract_gedit 
  fi
  resolve_depends
  make_install_gedit
  make_desktop_file
  #mark gedit to be held back
  dpkg --set-selections <<< "gedit hold"
}
uninstall()
{
  cd /opt/gedit-3.10.4
  make uninstall
  hash -r
  [ -e /usr/share/applications/gedit_downgraded.desktop  ] && \
     rm /usr/share/applications/gedit_downgraded.desktop
}

parse_args()
{
  local OPTIND option
  while getopts "iu" option
  do
    case ${option} in
         i) install && exit 0 ;;
         u) uninstall && exit 0 ;; 
         \?) echo "Invalid option -${option}" > /dev/stderr  
    esac
  done
}

main()
{

  if [ $# -eq 0 ] ; then
     echo "Must specify -i or -u option" > /dev/stderr
     exit 1
  fi

  if [ $( id -u ) -ne 0 ] ; then
    echo "Must run as root" > /dev/stderr
    exit 1
  else
     parse_args "$@"
  fi
}

main "$@"