如何禁用Intel i915视频模块？

Question

我的电脑在运行 Ubuntu 14.04.2 或更高版本（任何比内核 3.13 更新的版本）时非常不稳定，只有 VNC 查看器处于某种 kiosk 模式，它经常冻结，必须每天多次进行硬重置。如该相关错误所示，这似乎是 Bay Trail 系统上的英特尔 i915 内核模块存在问题，并且没有解决方法，即使在较新的内核上也是如此。

我不需要任何 3D 或硬件加速，那么如何禁用 intel i915 声音和视频驱动程序并使用 VESA / 帧缓冲区通用驱动程序或更简单的驱动程序？是否有可能做到这一点？我只是想确保模块未加载并且仍然运行简单的 X11 应用程序。

我尝试将其添加到 /etc/modprobe.d/ 文件中的文件并更新 initramfs：

blacklist i915
blacklist snd_hda_intel

但 /var/log/Xorg.0.log 仍然显示它正在加载它们：

[323589.490] (II) LoadModule: "intel"
[323589.491] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so
[323589.516] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[323589.554] (II) intel(G0): Using Kernel Mode Setting driver: i915, version 1.6.0 20150522
[323589.554] (II) intel(G0): SNA compiled: xserver-xorg-video-intel 2:2.99.917+git20150808-0ubuntu4 (Robert Ancell <robert.ancell@canonical.com>)
[323589.554] (II) intel(G0): SNA compiled for use with valgrind
[323589.555] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Integrated Graphics Chipsets:
[323589.556] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) HD Graphics: 2000-6000
[323589.556] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Graphics: 5100, 6100
[323589.556] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Pro Graphics: 5200, 6200, P6300

Answer 1

我花了好几天的时间才完成这样的设置。当我放弃时，我的机器启动到 X 时只有一个屏幕（我连接了 2 个屏幕）。它确实在 VESA 模式下运行。

$ sudo lshw -c display
  *-display UNCLAIMED     
       description: VGA compatible controller
       product: 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 2
       bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
       version: 09
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list
       configuration: latency=0
       resources: memory:f6400000-f67fffff memory:e0000000-efffffff ioport:f000(size=64)


$ xrandr --verbose
xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default
Screen 0: minimum 1366 x 768, current 1366 x 768, maximum 1366 x 768
default connected 1366x768+0+0 (0x270) normal (normal) 0mm x 0mm
    Identifier: 0x26f
    Timestamp:  34274
    Subpixel:   unknown
    Clones:    
    CRTC:       0
    CRTCs:      0
    Transform:  1.000000 0.000000 0.000000
                0.000000 1.000000 0.000000
                0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
               filter: 
  1366x768 (0x270) 79.731MHz *current
        h: width  1366 start    0 end    0 total 1366 skew    0 clock  58.37KHz
        v: height  768 start    0 end    0 total  768           clock  76.00Hz

$ find /dev/ -iname "fb*"
/dev/fb0

$ udevadm info -a /dev/fb0

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

  looking at device '/devices/platform/vesa-framebuffer.0/graphics/fb0':
    KERNEL=="fb0"
    SUBSYSTEM=="graphics"
    DRIVER==""
    ATTR{bits_per_pixel}=="32"
    ATTR{blank}==""
    ATTR{console}==""
    ATTR{cursor}==""
    ATTR{mode}==""
    ATTR{modes}=="U:1366x768p-76"
    ATTR{name}=="VESA VGA"
    ATTR{pan}=="0,0"
    ATTR{rotate}=="0"
    ATTR{state}=="0"
    ATTR{stride}=="5504"
    ATTR{virtual_size}=="1366,768"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform/vesa-framebuffer.0':
    KERNELS=="vesa-framebuffer.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
    DRIVERS=="vesa-framebuffer"
    ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform':
    KERNELS=="platform"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""

还不确定需要做的所有事情，但我记得：

1. 找到i915驱动文件并将其删除

   sudo updatedb
   locate i915.ko
   sudo mv /.../i915.ko ~/i915.ko.backup
   

2. 更新内存盘

   sudo update-initramfs
   

3. 重启

笔记：

• xdm如果尚未安装并且您需要显示管理器，请安装。lightdm可能无法启动。
• 删除任何旧xrandr命令.xprofile（.xsessionrc如果您已设置）。xrandr因为当您看到上述输出并阻止会话启动时，它将失败。