有没有人在 Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS x86_64 上成功安装 CUDA 7.5？

Question

我的工作站有两个 GPU（Quadro K5200 和 Quadro K2200），安装了最新的 NVIDIA 驱动程序（版本：352.41）。cuda-repo-ubuntu1404-7-5-local_7.5-18_amd64.deb从CUDA 7.5 Downloads 下载文件后，我尝试安装它，但结果如下：

root@P700-Bruce:/home/bruce/Downloads# sudo apt-get install cuda
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 cuda : Depends: cuda-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
 unity-control-center : Depends: libcheese-gtk23 (>= 3.4.0) but it is not going to be installed
                        Depends: libcheese7 (>= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

我已经尝试过解决方案：

1. sudo apt-get remove nvidia-cuda-* # 删除旧的 nvidia-cuda 软件包

2. 安装未满足的依赖项：

   root@P700-Bruce:/home/bruce/Downloads# apt-get install cuda-7-5
   Reading package lists... Done
   Building dependency tree       
   Reading state information... Done
   Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
   requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
   distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
   or been moved out of Incoming.
   The following information may help to resolve the situation:
   
   The following packages have unmet dependencies:
    cuda-7-5 : Depends: cuda-toolkit-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: cuda-runtime-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
    unity-control-center : Depends: libcheese-gtk23 (>= 3.4.0) but it is not going to be installed
                           Depends: libcheese7 (>= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed
   E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
   
   root@P700-Bruce:/home/bruce/Downloads# apt-get install cuda-toolkit-7-5
   Reading package lists... Done
   Building dependency tree       
   Reading state information... Done
   Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
   requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
   distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
   or been moved out of Incoming.
   The following information may help to resolve the situation:
   
   The following packages have unmet dependencies:
    cuda-toolkit-7-5 : Depends: cuda-core-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
                       Depends: cuda-command-line-tools-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
                       Depends: cuda-samples-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
                       Depends: cuda-documentation-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
                       Depends: cuda-visual-tools-7-5 (= 7.5-18) but it is not going to be installed
    unity-control-center : Depends: libcheese-gtk23 (>= 3.4.0) but it is not going to be installed
                           Depends: libcheese7 (>= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed
   E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
   

3. 安装和使用aptitude

我的 Ubuntu14.04 操作系统刚刚安装并进行了软件更新并安装了最新的 Nvidia 驱动程序。

你能给一些帮助吗？提前致谢！

Answer 1

CUDA 的安装有点棘手。我已经按照以下步骤操作，它对我有用。你也可以参考这个链接。

环境确认：

1. lspci | grep -i nvidia （确认显示NVIDIA的板子信息）

2. uname -m （确保它是 x86_64）

3. gcc --version （确保已安装）

安装 CUDA –

1. cuda_7.5.18_linux.run从https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads下载文件

2. 运行以下命令：

   sudo apt-get install build-essential
   echo blacklist nouveau option nouveau modeset=0 |sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf 
   sudo update-initramfs -u
   

3. 重启电脑

4. 在登录屏幕上，按Ctrl+ Alt+F1并登录到您的用户。

5. 转到您拥有 CUDA 驱动程序的目录，然后运行

   chmod a+x .
   sudo service lightdm stop
   sudo bash cuda-7.5.18_linux.run --no-opengl-libs
   

6. 安装过程中：

   • 接受 EULA 条件
   • 对安装 NVIDIA 驱动程序说“是”
   • 对安装 CUDA Toolkit + 驱动程序说 YES
   • 对安装 CUDA 示例说 YES
   • 拒绝使用 Nvidia 重建任何 Xserver 配置

7. 检查/dev/nvidia*文件是否存在。如果没有，请执行以下操作

   sudo modprobe nvidia
   

8. 设置环境路径变量

   export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin:$PATH
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
   

9. 验证驱动版本

   cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version`
   

10. 检查 CUDA 驱动程序版本

    nvcc –V
    

11. 再次打开 lightdm

    sudo service lightdm start
    

12. Ctrl+ Alt+F7和登录到GUI通过系统

13. 创建 CUDA 示例，NVIDIA_CUDA-7.5_Samples通过终端转到文件夹，然后运行以下命令：

    make
    cd bin/x86_64/linux/release/
    ./deviceQuery
    ./bandwidthTest
    

    两个测试最终都应该在终端中输出“PASS”

14. 重新启动系统

Answer 2

我今天重新启动了Ubuntu，发现还有另一个未满足的依赖项libcog15 : Depends: mesa-driver...（我不记得完整的包名称），所以我曾经apt-get install安装“mesa-driver”。之后CUDA 7.5安装成功。

注意，我的Kernel版本是3.19.0-28-generic，gcc版本是Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 ，在CUDA 7.5官方文档中没有找到。我会检查它是否真的有效。