如何从文本文件中按字母顺序排列多行记录？

Question

嗨，我正在使用 bash 脚本，下面有 example.txt。如何按餐厅名称将以下4个餐厅信息按字母顺序排列并打印出来？请注意，按字母顺序打印时的格式应与以下相同，包括城市、州、地址、电话。

Restaurant: McDonalds 
City: Miami
State: Florida
Address: 123 Biscayne Blvd
Phone: 91341

Restaurant: Five guys
City: Atlanta
State: Georgia
Address: 123 Peachtree Rd
Phone: 9234211

Restaurant: KFC
City: NYC
State: NY
Address: 123 Madison Square
Phone: 95311

Restaurant: Taco Bell
City: LA
State: CA
Address: 123 Rodeo Drive
Phone: 911

Answer 1

这是使用的解决方案awk：

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS="\n";RS=""} {r[$1]=$0} END{n = asort(r); for (i=1;i<=n;i++){print r[i] "\n"}}' restaurants 
Restaurant: Five guys
City: Atlanta
State: Georgia
Address: 123 Peachtree Rd
Phone: 9234211

Restaurant: KFC
City: NYC
State: NY
Address: 123 Madison Square
Phone: 95311

Restaurant: McDonalds 
City: Miami
State: Florida
Address: 123 Biscayne Blvd
Phone: 91341

Restaurant: Taco Bell
City: LA
State: CA
Address: 123 Rodeo Drive
Phone: 911

awk一次读入文件一条记录。我们定义记录分隔符，RS到是""让记录由一个空行分隔。所有的记录都被读入一个数组r。最后，对数组r进行排序和打印。

正如@Sadi 在评论中指出的那样，该awk命令适用于管道：

cat restaurants | awk 'BEGIN{FS="\n";RS=""} {r[$1]=$0} END{n = asort(r); for (i=1;i<=n;i++){print r[i] "\n"}}' >sorted_list_of_restaurants