如何修复 APT 错误“W: Failed to fetch [...] Hash Sum mismatch”？

Question

我真的不知道发生了什么，重启后我收到很多崩溃消息，如果我打开 Firefox 或 Synaptic，它们会崩溃。Synaptic 返回这个：

E: Encountered a section with no Package: header
E: Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring-security_main_i18n_Translation-en
E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.
E: _cache->open() failed, please report.

然后顶部面板上出现崩溃图标，并且有一些关于mergelist的错误。我用谷歌搜索，发现这个没用sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf sudo apt-get update。为了能够在浏览器中工作，我删除了/var/lib/apt/lists. 如果我尝试sudo apt-get update，我会得到这个：

W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ua.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring_main_source_Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ua.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring_restricted_source_Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ua.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring_universe_source_Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring-security_main_source_Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring-security_universe_source_Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring-security_main_binary-i386_Packages Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_raring-security_universe_binary-i386_Packages Hash Sum mismatch
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

我不想重装系统。我怎么能解决这个问题？谢谢。

那里有一些照片。我无法截图，它崩溃了：照片 1 照片 2

Answer 1

问题是你递归/var/lib/apt/lists删除了，这也删除了部分目录。因此，重新创建目录应该可以解决问题：

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
sudo chmod 755 /var/lib/apt/lists/partial

此外，您使用的镜像可能有问题。选择另一个镜像并再次更新。

Answer 2

对我来说，乌克兰服务器出了点问题！更改为 main 自动解决了问题。如果以上都没有帮助，请尝试不同的服务器。