如何列出可用的颜色名称？

Question

我正在尝试为我的 git 配置添加一些颜色，我想知道终端上可用的颜色名称。

• 我只想按名称使用颜色，以便其他人更容易理解
• 我不想添加任何新颜色 - 我只想从预定义的名称中进行选择
• 我想要一个适用于所有发行版的解决方案，但主要是 Debian
• 很高兴看到名称所指示的颜色

许多在线参考资料经常谈论我的系统上未定义的颜色名称，因此我只需要一种方法来查看我的默认选项是什么。

Answer 1

Many online references often talk about color names that are not defined on my system

Those probably are defined, but they are X11 colors; once upon a time you could find them in /lib[64]/X11/rgb.txt. In any case, this is a mapping of strings (e.g., dimgray) to 24-bit RGB colors (e.g. 0xff8800 or #ff8800, which would be orange). A 24-bit space is ~16 million colors, obviously X11 does not give them all names (CSS 3 uses X11 names, BTW).

The 24-bit space is used by your GUI; transparency is implemented by increasing this to a 32-bit space. However, git isn't a GUI (G = graphical) tool, it's a TUI (T = terminal) tool, and it is limited to the colors available on a normal terminal.

I would like a solution that works for all distros, but primarily Debian

If you want this to be properly portable, you should rely only on the eight standard ANSI colors:

• black
• blue
• green
• yellow
• cyan
• white
• magenta
• red

A little disappointing next to the X11 list, but better than nothing at all! These also have a "bold" or "bright" version that is standard, making 16 colors, which you may be able to specify as, e.g., "brightyellow" (or conversely, "darkyellow").

Most GUI terminals¹ have 256 color support and some terminal apps can exploit this. To test, you first need to set the $TERM variable appropriately:

export $TERM=xterm-256color

Your terminal emulator may also have a configuration option for this. Colors under the xterm 256 color protocol are indexed:

索引号位于左下角。请注意，此图表底部的集合 (0-15) 是 16 种基本（明暗）ANSI 颜色。要在标准下引用这些颜色之一，请使用color+ 索引号，例如。color40.

^{1.“GUI终端”是在GUI上下文中运行的终端模拟器，例如xterm、GNOME终端等。但是，这不会使在GUI终端中运行的TUI应用程序（例如git）成为GUI应用程序。 它们仍然是 TUI 应用程序，并受该上下文的约束。}