为什么我的 systemd 服务无法在启动时启动，但可以手动启动？

Question

我编写了一个 systemd 服务，以便在机器启动时启动无线接入点。我的问题是，机器启动时它实际上并未启动，我似乎无法找出原因。手动启动服务效果很好。

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我的wap.service系统单元文件：

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[Unit]\nDescription=Enable the Wireless Access Point\nRequires=dnsmasq.service iptables.service NetworkManager.service\nBefore=dnsmasq.service\nAfter=iptables.service NetworkManager.service\n\n[Service]\nType=oneshot\nRemainAfterExit=true\nExecStart=/project/wap.sh\nTimeoutStartSec=0\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=default.target\n\n

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/project/wap.sh（大括号是 Ansible/Jinja2 变量替换）：

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[Unit]\nDescription=Enable the Wireless Access Point\nRequires=dnsmasq.service iptables.service NetworkManager.service\nBefore=dnsmasq.service\nAfter=iptables.service NetworkManager.service\n\n[Service]\nType=oneshot\nRemainAfterExit=true\nExecStart=/project/wap.sh\nTimeoutStartSec=0\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=default.target\n\n

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相关/usr/lib/systemd/systemd --test --system --unit=default.target输出：

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    -> Unit wap.service:\n        Description: Enable the Wireless Access Point\n        Instance: n/a\n        Unit Load State: loaded\n        Unit Active State: inactive\n        Inactive Exit Timestamp: n/a\n        Active Enter Timestamp: n/a\n        Active Exit Timestamp: n/a\n        Inactive Enter Timestamp: n/a\n        GC Check Good: no\n        Need Daemon Reload: no\n        Transient: no\n        Slice: system.slice\n        CGroup: n/a\n        CGroup realized: no\n        CGroup mask: 0x0\n        CGroup members mask: 0x0\n        Name: wap.service\n        Fragment Path: /etc/systemd/system/wap.service\n        Requires: dnsmasq.service\n        Requires: NetworkManager.service\n        Requires: basic.target\n        Requires: iptables.service\n        Wants: system.slice\n        WantedBy: multi-user.target\n        Conflicts: shutdown.target\n        Before: dnsmasq.service\n        Before: multi-user.target\n        Before: shutdown.target\n        After: systemd-journald.socket\n        After: iptables.service\n        After: NetworkManager.service\n        After: system.slice\n        After: basic.target\n        References: systemd-journald.socket\n        References: iptables.service\n        References: NetworkManager.service\n        References: system.slice\n        References: dnsmasq.service\n        References: shutdown.target\n        References: basic.target\n        ReferencedBy: multi-user.target\n        StopWhenUnneeded: no\n        RefuseManualStart: no\n        RefuseManualStop: no\n        DefaultDependencies: yes\n        OnFailureJobMode: replace\n        IgnoreOnIsolate: no\n        IgnoreOnSnapshot: no\n        Service State: dead\n        Result: success\n        Reload Result: success\n        PermissionsStartOnly: no\n        RootDirectoryStartOnly: no\n        RemainAfterExit: yes\n        GuessMainPID: yes\n        Type: oneshot\n        Restart: no\n        NotifyAccess: none\n        NotifyState: unknown\n        KillMode: control-group\n        KillSignal: SIGTERM\n        SendSIGKILL: yes\n        SendSIGHUP:  no\n        UMask: 0022\n        WorkingDirectory: /\n        RootDirectory: /\n        NonBlocking: no\n        PrivateTmp: no\n        PrivateNetwork: no\n        PrivateDevices: no\nLoaded units and determined initial transaction in 75ms.        ProtectHome: no\n        ProtectSystem: no\n\n        IgnoreSIGPIPE: yes\n        LimitNOFILE: 1024 4096\n        StandardInput: null\n        StandardOutput: journal\n        StandardError: inherit\n        SyslogFacility: daemon\n        SyslogLevel: info\n        -> ExecStart:\n            Command Line: /project/wap.sh\n

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重启后服务状态：

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$ sudo service wap status -l\nRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status  -l wap.service\n\xe2\x97\x8f wap.service - Enable the Wireless Access Point\n   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/wap.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)\n   Active: inactive (dead)\n

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手动启动后服务状态：

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$ sudo service wap start\nRedirecting to /bin/systemctl start wap.service\n$ sudo service wap status -l\nRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status  -l wap.service\n\xe2\x97\x8f wap.service - Enable the Wireless Access Point\n   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/wap.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)\n   Active: active (exited) since do 2019-09-26 12:10:40 BST; 6s ago\n  Process: 8589 ExecStart=/project/wap.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)\n Main PID: 8589 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)\n\nsep 26 12:10:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Enable the Wireless Access Point...\nsep 26 12:10:40 localhost.localdomain wap.sh[8589]: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart hostapd.service\nsep 26 12:10:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Enable the Wireless Access Point.\n

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journalctl输出：

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$ journalctl -u wap\n-- No entries --\n

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我已确认wap.sh在机器启动时永远不会运行，但我无法在系统日志中找到有关此服务的任何信息，例如尝试启动该服务。

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太长了；我的服务应该在启动时启动，但没有启动，我不明白为什么。

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Answer 1

也许就像这样简单？：

systemctl 启用 wap.service