将格式化日期转换为自纪元以来的秒数

Question

我有一个文件：

pablo tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 still logged in 
(unknown tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:50:57 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 (00:00) 
pablo tty2 Thu Nov 1 12:50:39 2012 still logged in 
pablo tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:50:56 2012 (00:01) 
(unknown tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:34:32 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 (00:15)

我想替换上述日期中的文件一秒钟。我想打印：

pablo tty8 1351770681 still logged in 
(unknown tty8 1351770657 - 1351770681 (00:00) 
pablo tty2 1351770639 still logged in 
pablo tty7 1351770585 - 1351770656 (00:01) 
(unknown tty7 1351769672 - 1351770585 (00:15)

我试过这个命令：

gawk --posix 'function my()
{"date -d \047"$0"\047 +%s" | getline b; 
gsub( /[A-Za-z]{3} [A-Za-z]{3} [0-9] ([0-9]{2}:){2}[0-9]{2} [0-9]{4}/,b );print}
{ my() }' file

上面的命令不起作用：

$ gawk --posix 'function my()
> {"date -d \047"$0"\047 +%s" | getline b; 
> gsub( /[A-Za-z]{3} [A-Za-z]{3} [0-9] ([0-9]{2}:){2}[0-9]{2} [0-9]{4}/,b ); print}
> { my() }' ta
date: b??dna data: `pablo tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 still logged in '
pablo tty8  still logged in 
(unknown tty8 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:00) 
date: b??dna data: `pablo tty2 Thu Nov 1 12:50:39 2012 still logged in '
pablo tty2 1351897200 still logged in 
date: b??dna data: `pablo tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:50:56 2012 (00:01) '
pablo tty7 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:01) 
(unknown tty7 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:15)

如何改进上述命令？

Answer 1

这是另一种方法（使用mktime）：

#!/bin/awk -f
{
    split($6,A,":");
    S1=sprintf("%d %d %d %d %d %d",$7,$4,$5,A[1],A[2],A[3])
    T1=mktime(S1)
    if ($8=="-") {
        split($12,A,":");
        S2=sprintf("%d %d %d %d %d %d",$13,$10,$11,A[1],A[2],A[3])
        T2=mktime(S2)
        print $1,$2,T1,$8,T2,$14
    }
    else {
        print $1,$2,T1,$8,$9,$10
    }
}

Answer 2

要按照您的方式进行操作，必须是这样的：

POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 awk '
  {
    n = ""; r = $0
    while (match(r, /[[:alpha:]]{3} [[:alpha:]]{3} +[0-9]+ ([0-9]{2}:){2}[0-9]{2} [0-9]{4}/)) {
      c = "date -d\"" substr(r,RSTART,RLENGTH) "\" +%s"
      c | getline b
      close(c)
      n = n substr(r,1,RSTART-1) b
      r =  substr(r,RSTART+RLENGTH)
    }
    print n r
  }'