在 ZSH 中按空格拆分字符串

Question

给这个file.txt：

first line
second line
third line

这适用于bash：

while IFS=' ' read -a args; do
  echo "${args[0]}"
done < file.txt

生产

first
second
third

也就是说，我们能够逐行读取文件，并且在每一行上我们使用空格作为分隔符将行进一步拆分为一个数组。但是在 中zsh，结果是一个错误：read: bad option: -a。

我们怎样才能做到与 inzsh一样bash呢？我已经尝试了几种解决方案，但我永远无法使用空格作为分隔符将字符串拆分为数组。

Answer 1

从man zshbuiltins，zsh 的 read 改为使用-A。

read [ -rszpqAclneE ] [ -t [ num ] ] [ -k [ num ] ] [ -d delim ]
     [ -u n ] [ name[?prompt] ] [ name ...  ]
...
       -A     The  first  name  is taken as the name of an array
              and all words are assigned to it.

因此命令是

while IFS=' ' read -A args; do
  echo "${args[1]}"
done < file.txt

注意默认情况下，zsh 数组编号以 开头1，而 bash 以0.

$ man zshparam
...
Array Subscripts
...
The elements are numbered  beginning  with  1, unless the
KSH_ARRAYS option is set in which case they are numbered from zero.