在 Debian Squeeze 64x 上安装 gcc 4.7.2

Question

我想在我的 Debian Squeeze 64x 上使用 gcc 4.7.2

我按照此线程中的说明进行操作：Get newest gcc for debian? ，但我收到一个错误，我尝试了几个 apt-get install 命令

我将使用 4.7.1，只要我可以使用新的 c++ 11 特性。

下面是我更新的源列表和首选项文件。更新这些文件后，我从根终端使用了 apt-get update。

/etc/apt/sources.list

#

# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.5 _Squeeze_ - Official amd64 NETINST Binary-1 20120512-20:40]/ squeeze main

#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.5 _Squeeze_ - Official amd64 NETINST Binary-1 20120512-20:40]/ squeeze main

deb http://ftp.belnet.be/debian/ squeeze main
deb-src http://ftp.belnet.be/debian/ squeeze main

deb http://ftp.belnet.be/debian/ wheezy main

deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main

# squeeze-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.belnet.be/debian/ squeeze-updates main
deb-src http://ftp.belnet.be/debian/ squeeze-updates main

deb http://apt.jenslody.de/stable stable main
deb-src http://apt.jenslody.de/stable stable main
deb http://apt.wxwidgets.org/ squeeze-wx main

/etc/apt/preferences

Package: *
Pin: release n=squeeze
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: *
Pin: release n=wheezy
Pin-Priority: 200

似乎这有帮助，但现在 apt-get 抱怨未满足的依赖项

root@debianWillem:/home/willem# apt-get install gcc-4.7/testing
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Selected version '4.7.1-7' (Debian:testing [amd64]) for 'gcc-4.7'
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 gcc-4.7 : Depends: cpp-4.7 (= 4.7.1-7) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: binutils (>= 2.21.1) but 2.20.1-16 is to be installed
           Depends: libgcc1 (>= 1:4.7.1-7) but 1:4.4.5-8 is to be installed
           Depends: libgomp1 (>= 4.7.1-7) but 4.4.5-8 is to be installed
           Depends: libmpfr4 (>= 3.1.0) but 3.0.0-2 is to be installed
           Recommends: libc6-dev (>= 2.13-5) but 2.11.3-3 is to be installed
E: Broken packages

root@debianWillem:/home/willem# apt-get --target-release testing install gcc-4.7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 initscripts : Breaks: console-setup (< 1.74) but 1.68+squeeze2 is to be installed
               Breaks: nfs-common (< 1:1.2.5-3) but 1:1.2.2-4squeeze2 is to be installed
 libglib2.0-0 : Breaks: eog (< 3.2.2-3) but 2.30.2-1 is to be installed
 libgnome-keyring0 : Breaks: gnome-keyring (< 3.0) but 2.30.3-5 is to be installed
 network-manager : Recommends: crda but it is not going to be installed
                   Breaks: network-manager-gnome (< 0.9) but 0.8.1-2 is to be installed
E: Broken packages

我如何解决这些未满足的依赖项？

Answer 1

gcc-4.7.2 于 3 天前于 9 月 20 日发布。 它还没有进入 debian 存储库 （请参阅 update2，感谢 derobert）。

根据发行说明，这是一个错误修复版本，因此可能会使用与之前的 4.7.1 版本相同的库版本。所以，由于 4.7.1 在 repos 中，安装它以对所有依赖项进行排序，然后如果您真的需要最新版本，请下载源代码并按照gcc 网站上的说明进行编译。

更新：

您的 source.lst 似乎有问题。作为解决方法，请尝试在此处下载软件包并使用dkpg -i gcc_4.7.1-1_amd64.deb.

更新 2：

正如@derobert 在下面指出的那样，4.7.2 确实在实验存储库中。因此，请根据您链接到的帖子中的说明进行调整：

你/etc/apt/sources.list应该看起来像这样：

deb local.debian.mirror挤压主
deb local.debian.mirror不稳定主

而你/etc/apt/preferences应该看起来像这样：

包裹： *
销：释放 n=挤压
引脚优先级：900

包裹： *
引脚：释放 n=不稳定
引脚优先级：200

然后使用apt-get install gcc-4.7/unstable.

正如 jordanm 和您链接的原始教程所提到的，这不是一个好主意。完成后，请确保将您的来源指向稳定状态。