ext2fs_open2：超级块中的错误幻数

Question

我正在尝试调整 Linux 分区的大小，但在对该磁盘进行了大量调整后，我不知道我是否已完全损坏它。

Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdd1  *          64  5913631  5913568  2.8G 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdd2        5913632  5915039     1408  704K  1 FAT12
/dev/sdd3        5915040 17578125 11663086  5.6G 83 Linux
/dev/sdd4       17578126 28320312 10742187  5.1G 83 Linux

使用dd删除分区并创建新分区我得到

Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdd1  *          64  5913631  5913568  2.8G 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdd2        5913632  5915039     1408  704K  1 FAT12
/dev/sdd3        5915040 40000000 34084961 16.3G 83 Linux
/dev/sdd4       40000001 62521343 22521343 10.8G 83 Linux

然后按照我做的一些教程

 $ e2fsck -f /dev/sdd1
 $ e2fsck 1.43.7 (16-Oct-2017)
 $ ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
 $ e2fsck: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...


 $ e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdd1

 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
 filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
 is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate      superblock:

 e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
  or
 e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

 /dev/sdd1 contains a iso9660 file system labelled 'Kali Live'

（接下来的 3 个分区的其余部分依此类推）

尝试调整大小会产生相同的效果：

$ resize2fs /dev/sdd3
resize2fs 1.43.7 (16-Oct-2017)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdd3
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.

我已经按照互联网上的教程进行操作，但不起作用，标题为：HOWTO：在 Ubuntu 中修复损坏的 Ext4 Superblock。

 $ mke2fs -n /dev/sdd4

 $ e2fsck -b block_number /dev/sdd4

 $ e2fsck 1.43.7 (16-Oct-2017)
 e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdd4

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:

e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

所以我绝对不知道该怎么做。它完全浪费了还是我应该从头开始重新安装所有东西？

Answer 1

用于mke2fs获取超级块备份：

sudo mke2fs -n /dev/sdaX

示例输出：

Super-block backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000

重启超级块：

sudo e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sdaX

如果第一个不起作用，请尝试下一个，直到找到一个有效的为止。完成后中断操作然后运行：

sudo fsck -y /dev/sdaX