用匹配的列连接两个文件

Question

文件1.txt

    id                            No
    gi|371443199|gb|JH556661.1| 7907290
    gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1| 7573913
    gi|371443197|gb|JH556663.1| 7384412
    gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1| 6931777

文件2.txt

 id                              P       R       S
 gi|367088741|gb|AGAJ01056324.1| 5       5       0
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|     2       2       0
 gi|367090281|gb|AGAJ01054784.1| 4       4       0
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|     21      19      2

输出.txt

 id                              P       R       S  NO
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|     2       2       0  7573913
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|     21      19      2  6931777

File1.txt 有两列，File2.txt 有四列。我想加入两个具有唯一 id 的文件（array[1] 应该在两个文件（file1.txt 和 file2.txt）中匹配，并只给出匹配的 id（参见 output.txt）。

我试过了join -v <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)。请求任何有关 awk 或 join 命令的帮助。

Answer 1

join 效果很好：

$ join <(sort File1.txt) <(sort File2.txt) | column -t | tac
 id                           No       P   R   S
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  7573913  2   2   0
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  6931777  21  19  2

附：输出列顺序重要吗？

如果是，请使用：

$ join <(sort 1) <(sort 2) | tac | awk '{print $1,$3,$4,$5,$2}' | column -t
 id                           P   R   S  No
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  2   2   0  7573913
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  21  19  2  6931777

Answer 2

一种使用方式awk：

内容script.awk：

## Process first file of arguments. Save 'id' as key and 'No' as value
## of a hash.
FNR == NR {
    if ( FNR == 1 ) { 
        header = $2
        next
    }   
    hash[ $1 ] = $2
    next
}

## Process second file of arguments. Print header in first line and for
## the rest check if first field is found in the hash.
FNR < NR {
    if ( $1 in hash || FNR == 1 ) { 
        printf "%s %s\n", $0, ( FNR == 1 ? header : hash[ $1 ] ) 
    }   
}

像这样运行它：

awk -f script.awk File1.txt File2.txt | column -t

结果如下：

id                           P   R   S  NO
gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  2   2   0  7573913
gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  21  19  2  6931777