jen*_*nny 12 linux networking network-interface
me@me:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
[ ok ] Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.service.
me@me:~$ sudo service network-manager restart
me@me:~$ sudo ifup eno1
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.3
Copyright 2004-2015 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Listening on LPF/eno1/34:e6:d7:0a:8f:fc
Sending on LPF/eno1/34:e6:d7:0a:8f:fc
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eno1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x162c3b49)
DHCPDISCOVER on eno1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7 (xid=0x162c3b49)
DHCPREQUEST of 134.94.232.12 on eno1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x493b2c16)
DHCPOFFER of 134.94.232.12 from 134.94.232.1
DHCPACK of 134.94.232.12 from 134.94.232.1
bound to 134.94.232.12 -- renewal in 282886 seconds.
me@me:~$ ifconfig -a
eno1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 34:e6:d7:0a:8f:fc
inet addr:134.94.232.12 Bcast:134.94.239.255 Mask:255.255.248.0
inet6 addr: fe80::36e6:d7ff:fe0a:8ffc/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:12414 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4826 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:8676664 (8.6 MB) TX bytes:536959 (536.9 KB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:f7e00000-f7e20000
enx00116b68261f Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:11:6b:68:26:1f
inet addr:192.168.1.21 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1851:f4a:198:2c2f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:44 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:64 (64.0 B) TX bytes:6860 (6.8 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:3656 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3656 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:285972 (285.9 KB) TX bytes:285972 (285.9 KB)
wlp2s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 60:57:18:0d:ec:06
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
me@me:~$ sudo lshw -C network *-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: Ethernet Connection (3) I218-LM
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: eno1
version: 04
serial: 34:e6:d7:0a:8f:fc
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=3.2.6-k duplex=full firmware=0.2-3 ip=134.94.232.12 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:47 memory:f7e00000-f7e1ffff memory:f7e43000-f7e43fff ioport:f080(size=32)
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: Wireless 7265
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
logical name: wlp2s0
version: 3b
serial: 60:57:18:0d:ec:06
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.4.0-91-generic firmware=17.459231.0 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11abgn
resources: irq:52 memory:f7c00000-f7c01fff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 2
logical name: enx00116b68261f
serial: 00:11:6b:68:26:1f
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=ax88179_178a driverversion=22-Aug-2005 duplex=full firmware=ASIX AX88179 USB 3.0 Gigabit Et ip=192.168.1.21 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=1Gbit/s
me@me:~$ sudo ping 192.168.1.14 -c3
PING 192.168.1.14 (192.168.1.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.1.14 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1999ms
me@me:~$ sudo ifup enx00116b68261f
Unknown interface enx00116b68261f
我有一个 USB 转以太网适配器连接到我的 linux 系统。我编辑了连接信息，并192.168.1.21在右上角的连接菜单中提供了手动 ip 。在上面的命令行中，我们可以看到我的系统上可用的连接信息。我无法为en0016b68261f. 以下是我的接口/etc/network：
interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
#The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
iface eno1 inet dhcp
当我尝试ping usb 另一端的端口到以太网适配器时，其ip 地址为192.168.1.14，我无法ping 到我的开发板的这个ip 地址。
如何设置我的 USB 转以太网适配器？
Traceroute 显示了这一点：
me@me:/$ traceroute 192.168.1.21
traceroute to 192.168.1.21 (192.168.1.21), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 192.168.1.21 (192.168.1.21) 0.231 ms 0.192 ms 0.180 ms
me@me:/$ traceroute 192.168.1.14
traceroute to 192.168.1.14 (192.168.1.14), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 * * *
(...)
29 * * *
30 * * *
有很多解决方案。主要是，您在 Linux GUI 上使用 NetworkManager，对此有何用处。
实际上，同一个任务有两个系统：
/etc/network/interfacesNetworkManager，它是用于同一任务的 GUI 工具，但它也有每个用户的配置。您的配置冲突，您想尝试同时配置它们。
此答案解释了通过系统范围的引导脚本执行此操作。
您的主要问题是 USB/以太网设备不是固定设备，但您始终可以插入和拔出。
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="01:23:45:67:89:ab", NAME="usb0"
进入你的/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules. 结果将是您的此USB 设备（由其 MAC 标识）将始终为usb0.
/etc/network/interfaces. 简单配置一下，比如你可以给他一个静态IP，或者一个dhcp配置的：
auto usb0
#iface usb0 inet dhcp
#iface usb0 inet static
# address 192.168.220.65
# netmask 255.255.255.224
# broadcast 192.168.220.95
正如此处所写，您可以使用以下命令重新加载 udev 规则，而无需重新启动
# udevadm control --reload-rules && udevadm trigger
作为根。