无法安装、读取、写入或格式化 SD 卡

Question

我可以

• 当它处于“锁定”位置时从我的 micro-sd 卡中读取

但是当我尝试“解锁”它时，事情变得非常奇怪：我没有办法

• fsck 它，也不
• 安装它，也不
• 读了，也不..
• 格式化吧！

我需要格式化它，我该怎么办？

这是我的gparted输出：

$ sudo gparted
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/-.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/boot-efi.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/home-iago\x2dlito-.docker-devicemapper.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/home.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/run-user-1000.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/run-user-117.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/tmp.mount ? /dev/null.
Created symlink /run/systemd/system/var.mount ? /dev/null.

======================
libparted : 3.2                                         # see screenshots
======================                                  #
Input/output error during write on /dev/mmcblk0         # first error
Error fsyncing/closing /dev/mmcblk0: Input/output error # second error
Input/output error during write on /dev/mmcblk0         # start looping
Error fsyncing/closing /dev/mmcblk0: Input/output error #
Input/output error during read on /dev/mmcblk0          #

点击 Device -> Create partition table

选择msdos, Apply, 稍等片刻

Ignore

然后它开始在这两个错误消息之间循环，直到 I finally Cancel。

取消后状态栏显示

一段时间，然后

..无论如何mmcblk0在左上角的框中不再可见。

知道可能有什么问题吗？
如何格式化我的 SD 卡？
它只是死了吗？

---

[编辑] 更多信息？在解锁状态下插入时：

$ dmesg
...
[ 1282.922022] mmc0: cannot verify signal voltage switch
[ 1283.097715] mmc0: new ultra high speed SDR104 SDHC card at address 0001
[ 1283.104727] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 SD32G 29.0 GiB 
[ 1283.106469]  mmcblk0: p1 p2
[ 1284.996181] FAT-fs (mmcblk0p1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.
[ 1285.018828] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended

哦好的..

$ sudo e2fsck /dev/mmcblk0
e2fsck 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
e2fsck: Input/output error while trying to open mmcblk0

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

.. 建议的命令都产生相同的输出。

---

在 malat建议中玩弄f3：

# f3write /dev/mmcblk0p1
f3write: Can't open path /dev/mmcblk0p1: Not a directory

# f3write /dev/mmcblk0p2
f3write: Can't open path /dev/mmcblk0p2: Not a directory

# f3read /dev/mmcblk0p1
f3read: Can't open path /dev/mmcblk0p1: Not a directory

# f3read /dev/mmcblk0p2
f3read: Can't open path /dev/mmcblk0p1: Not a directory

改为尝试他们的安装点：

# f3write /media/iago-lito/boot # /dev/mmcblk0p1
f3write: f3write.c:403: get_freespace: Assertion `!statvfs(path, &fs)' failed.
[1]    11908 abort      f3write /media/iago-lito/boot

# f3write /media/iago-lito/0aed834e-8c8f-412d-a276-a265dc676112 # /dev/mmcblk0p2
Free space: 24.50 GB
Creating file 1.h2w ...
f3write: Can't create file 0aed834e-8c8f-412d-a276-a265dc676112/1.h2w: Input/output error

# f3read /media/iago-lito/boot # /dev/mmcblk0p1
                  SECTORS      ok/corrupted/changed/overwritten

  Data OK: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
Data LOST: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
           Corrupted: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
    Slightly changed: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
         Overwritten: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
Average reading speed: 0.00 Byte/s

# f3read /media/iago-lito/0aed834e-8c8f-412d-a276-a265dc676112 # /dev/mmcblk0p2
                  SECTORS      ok/corrupted/changed/overwritten

  Data OK: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
Data LOST: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
           Corrupted: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
    Slightly changed: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
         Overwritten: 0.00 Byte (0 sectors)
Average reading speed: 0.00 Byte/s

..`闻起来很糟糕。

---

现在尝试gdisk与Alex Berry一起玩：

首先尝试，两个分区都已挂载：

$ sudo gdisk /dev/mmcblk0                                                                          20 ?
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present


***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***************************************************************


Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by
33 blocks!
You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility.

Command (? for help): x

Expert command (? for help): z
About to wipe out GPT on /dev/mmcblk0. Proceed? (Y/N): Y
Warning! GPT main partition table not overwritten! Error is 0
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you
run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or
other utilities.

Expert command (? for help):

卸载两个分区后的第二次尝试：

sudo gdisk /dev/mmcblk0                                                                                                      32 ?
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1

Warning! Read error 5; strange behavior now likely!
Warning! Read error 5; strange behavior now likely!
Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries.

Command (? for help): x

Expert command (? for help): z
About to wipe out GPT on /dev/mmcblk0. Proceed? (Y/N): Y
Warning! GPT main header not overwritten! Error is 5
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you
run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or
other utilities.

.. 我很高兴错误消息（第 5 号）至少与我最深的想法一致！
拔卡和重启..

现在扫描设备后gparted根本不列出/dev/mmcblk0：

Input/output error during read on /dev/mmcblk0

硬件的艰难时期-_-”