外部驱动器被“ls dev”识别，但“找不到介质”

Question

我正在尝试使用 Linux Mint 17（基于 Ubuntu 的发行版）和 Vantec IDE/SATA 转 USB 3.0 适配器来粉碎旧的外部硬盘驱动器。

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系统识别驱动器的存在。这是 lshw 的相关输出：

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 *-scsi:1\n      physical id: 2\n      bus info: usb@3:1\n      logical name: scsi3\n      capabilities: emulated scsi-host\n      configuration: driver=usb-storage\n    *-disk\n         description: SCSI Disk\n         physical id: 0.0.0\n         bus info: scsi@3:0.0.0\n         logical name: /dev/sdb\n         configuration: sectorsize=512\n

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但是，当我尝试访问驱动器时，出现“未找到介质”错误：

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> sudo fdisk /dev/sdb\nfdisk: unable to open /dev/sdb: No medium found\n\n> sudo dd count=1 if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb\ndd: failed to open \xe2\x80\x98/dev/sdb\xe2\x80\x99: No medium found\n

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安装输出是：

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Toshiba-Satellite-A105 ~ # mount\nsysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)\nproc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)\nudev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=1006720k,nr_inodes=209871,mode=755)\ndevpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)\ntmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=205272k,mode=755)\n/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)\nsecurityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)\ntmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)\ntmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k)\ntmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,mode=755)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd,nsroot=/)\npstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids,release_agent=/run/cgmanager/agents/cgm-release-agent.pids,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset,clone_children,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb,release_agent=/run/cgmanager/agents/cgm-release-agent.hugetlb,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio,nsroot=/)\ncgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event,release_agent=/run/cgmanager/agents/cgm-release-agent.perf_event,nsroot=/)\nsystemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=37,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct)\nmqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime)\ndebugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)\nhugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime)\nfusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,relatime)\ntracefs on /sys/kernel/debug/tracing type tracefs (rw,relatime)\n/dev/sda5 on /home type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)\n/dev/sda6 on /opt type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)\nbinfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,relatime)\ncgmfs on /run/cgmanager/fs type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=100k,mode=755)\ntmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=205272k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)\ngvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)\n

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这是 smartctl 的输出：

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Toshiba-Satellite-A105 ~ # sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdb\nsmartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [i686-linux-4.4.0-21-generic] (local build)\nCopyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org\n\nRead Device Identity failed: empty IDENTIFY data\n\nA mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more \'-T permissive\' options.\nToshiba-Satellite-A105 ~ # sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdb -T permissive\nsmartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [i686-linux-4.4.0-21-generic] (local build)\nCopyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org\n\nRead Device Identity failed: empty IDENTIFY data\n\n=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===\nDevice Model:     [No Information Found]\nSerial Number:    [No Information Found]\nFirmware Version: [No Information Found]\nDevice is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]\nATA Version is:   [No Information Found]\nLocal Time is:    Tue Apr 18 11:29:22 2017 EDT\nSMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 82-83 don\'t show if SMART supported.\nSMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 85-87 don\'t show if SMART is enabled.\nA mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more \'-T permissive\' options.\n

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我怎样才能解决这个问题？提前致谢。

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