ps 最多只打印任何进程命令行的 4096 个字符

Question

ps 最多只打印任何进程命令行的 4096 个字符

zer*_*d0l 19 linux process linux-kernel procfs

当我为 java 进程 grep 时，我得到低于输出，但它限制为 4096 个字符，这导致实际进程名称（即 kafka.Kafka）未显示在grep输出中。

这是grep的限制吗？有没有办法打印超过 4096 个限制的字符？

ps -ef | grep java

Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

java -Xmx6G -Xms6G -server -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=20 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=35 -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xloggc:/x/kafka/data01/kafka-app -logs/kafkaServer-gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom. sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dkafka.logs.dir=/x/kafka/data01/kafka-app-logs -Dlog4j.configuration=file:./../config/log4j.properties -cp :/x /home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/aopalliance-repackaged-2.4.0-b34.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10 -0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/argparse4j-0.5.0.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/connect-api- 0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/connect-file-0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/connect-json-0.10.1.1.jar:/ x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/connect-runtime-0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10- 0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/guava-18.0.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/hk2-api-2.4.0 -b34.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/hk2-locator-2.4.0-b34.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/ kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/hk2-utils-2.4.0-b34.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/ bin/../libs/jackson-annotations-2.6.0.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jackson-core-2.6.3 .jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jackson-databind-2.6.3.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/ kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-base-2.6.3.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-json-provider-2.6 .3.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jackson-module-jaxb-annotations-2.6.3.jar:/x/home/ bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/javassist-3.18.2-GA.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/ bin/../libs/javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/javax.inject-1.jar :/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/javax.inject-2.4.0-b34.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/ kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/.. /libs/javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-client-2.22.2 。罐：/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-common-2.22.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10 -0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-container-servlet-2.22.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/ jersey-container-servlet-core-2.22.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-guava-2.22.2.jar: /x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-media-jaxb-2.22.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2 .10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jersey-server-2.22.2.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/ jetty-continuation-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-http-9.2.15.v20160210.jar: /x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-io-9.2.15.v20160210.jar：/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-security-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2 .10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../ libs/jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-servlets-9.2.15.v20160210。 jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal /kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jopt-simple-4.9.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/ kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1-so/libs/jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210 .jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-servlets-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka- paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/ ../libs/jopt-simple-4.9.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1.jar:/ x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1-so/libs/jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210 .jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-servlets-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka- paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/ ../libs/jopt-simple-4.9.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1.jar:/ x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1-so/libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jopt-simple-4.9.jar:/ x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10- 0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1-so/libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/jopt-simple-4.9.jar:/ x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1.jar:/x/home/bmcuser/kafka-paypal/kafka_2.10- 0.10.1.1/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.1.1-so

Answer 1

hee*_*ayl 35

这不是的限制grep，而是/proc/PID/cmdline（从技术上讲，设计决策，而不是限制）。/proc/PID/cmdline包含进程的完整命令行，主命令和参数以 ASCII NUL 分隔，文件也以 NUL 结尾。因此，grep如果匹配，将打印整个文件内容。（ps -ef获取此文件的内容为CMD）。

最大长度在（Linux）内核中硬编码为PAGE_SIZE：

static int proc_pid_cmdline(struct task_struct *task, char * buffer)
{
        int res = 0;
        unsigned int len;
        struct mm_struct *mm = get_task_mm(task);
        if (!mm)
                goto out;
        if (!mm->arg_end)
                goto out_mm;    /* Shh! No looking before we're done */

        len = mm->arg_end - mm->arg_start;

        if (len > PAGE_SIZE)
                len = PAGE_SIZE;

Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

因此对于这样的系统有 4096 个字节：

% getconf PAGE_SIZE
4096

Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

此外，如果您有多字节字符，则可以想象，字符数将少于 4096。

@zer0Id0l 你不能改变`PAGE_SIZE`：它是硬件的一个属性。您必须设计一些具有更大页面大小的新硬件，或者（非常容易……）通过实现正确的内存映射或复制来消除将 `cmdline` 的内容截断为一页的限制。 (7认同)
FWIW，当 Giles 说这是硬件的属性时，他的意思是这是 CPU 的 MMU 的属性。所以你需要使用页面大小大于4k的MMU的CPU或者设计一个架构（并为其构建一个主板+BIOS）使用页面大小大于4k的外部MMU（记住，过去MMU曾经是一个外部芯片）或设计自己的 CPU（加上编译器等）。另一种选择是修改 linux 内核，使 `proc_pid_cmdline` 不使用 PAGE_SIZE (4认同)

归档时间：	8 年，7 月前
查看次数：	3127 次
最近记录：	8 年前