如何在 Debian 中找出半配置/损坏的软件包？

Question

有没有办法在 Debian 中找到半配置的软件包？这是来自Debian strech - 更新已损坏 - 似乎有问题 dpkg。

我尝试查看包裹是否通过两种方式损坏 -

a. $ aptb 

??[shirish@debian] - [~] - [5289]
??[$] alias aptb

aptb='aptitude search '\''~b'\'

越多越好——

??[shirish@debian] - [~] - [5288]
??[$] dpkg --audit

??[shirish@debian] - [~] - [5289]
??[$]

是否有任何其他工具可以完成所需/以上的事情？

更新 - 我明白了 -

[$] dpkg -f '${status} ${package}\n' -W | awk '$2 == "half-configured" {print $4}'

dpkg-deb: error: failed to read archive '${status} ${package}\n': No such file or directory

[$] dpkg -f '${status} ${package}\n' -W | awk '$2 == "half-configured" {print $4}'                                           

dpkg-deb: error: failed to read archive '${status} ${package}\n': No such file or directory

这些是预期的输出吗？

Answer 1

快速输入：

dpkg -l | grep -v '^ii'

这列出了系统至少知之甚少但未完美安装的任何软件包。

如果您想要可解析的输出，请使用dpkg-query自定义格式。根据您的意愿调整过滤器。

dpkg-query -f '${status} ${package}\n' -W | awk '$3 != "installed" {print $4}'
dpkg-query -f '${status} ${package}\n' -W | awk '$3 == "half-configured" {print $4}'

Answer 2

dpkg --audit

   -C, --audit [package-name...]
          Performs database sanity and consistency checks for package-name
          or all packages if omitted (per package checks since dpkg 1.17.10).
          For example, searches for  packages  that  have been installed only
          partially on your system or that have missing, wrong or obsolete
          control data or files. dpkg will suggest what to do with them  to
          get them fixed.

来源：man dpkg