vim - 如何转义包含单引号和双引号混合的文件名？

Question

假设我用这个创建了一个文件名：

xb@dnxb:/tmp/test$ touch '"i'"'"'m noob.mp4"'
xb@dnxb:/tmp/test$ ls -1
"i'm noob.mp4"
xb@dnxb:/tmp/test$ 

然后vim .进入 Netrw 目录列表。

" ============================================================================
" Netrw Directory Listing                                        (netrw v156)
"   /tmp/test
"   Sorted by      name
"   Sort sequence: [\/]$,\<core\%(\.\d\+\)\=\>,\.h$,\.c$,\.cpp$,\~\=\*$,*,\.o$,\.obj$,\.info$,\.swp$,\.bak$,\~$
"   Quick Help: <F1>:help  -:go up dir  D:delete  R:rename  s:sort-by  x:special
" ==============================================================================
../
./
"i'm noob.mp4"

然后按Enter查看文件。类型：

:!ls -l %

它会显示错误：

xb@dnxb:/tmp/test$ vim .

ls: cannot access '/tmp/test/i'\''m noob.mp4': No such file or directory

shell returned 2

Press ENTER or type command to continue

我也试过：

[1] :!ls -l '%':

Press ENTER or type command to continue
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"'
/bin/bash: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end of file

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue

[2] :!ls -l "%":

Press ENTER or type command to continue
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `''
/bin/bash: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end of file

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue

[3] :!ls -l expand("%"):

/bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `('
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: `ls -l expand(""i'm noob.mp4"")'

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue

[4] !ls -l shellescape("%"):

/bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `('
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: `ls -l shellescape("/tmp/test/"i'm noob.mp4"")'

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue

[5] !ls -l shellescape(expand("%")):

/bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `('
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: `ls -l shellescape(expand("/tmp/test/"i'm noob.mp4""))'

shell returned 1

Press ENTER or type command to continue

我的最终目标是rsync通过Ctrl+执行c，例如：

nnoremap <C-c> :!eval `ssh-agent -s`; ssh-add; rsync -azvb --no-t % xiaobai@127.0.0.1:/home/xiaobai/storage/

我的平台是 Kali Linux 的vim.gtk3bash。Fedora的vim和gvim也有同样的问题。

在 vim 中转义包含单引号和双引号的文件名的正确语法是什么？

[更新]

exec '!ls -l' shellescape(expand('%'))可以工作，但我不知道如何使rsync上述工作。我不知道我应该在哪里为这个更复杂的命令加上引号rsync。

Answer 1

使用文件名修饰符以通配符的答案为基础，:S为您提供您想要的。根据文档 ( :h %:S),

:S      Escape special characters for use with a shell command (see
        |shellescape()|). Must be the last one. Examples:
            :!dir <cfile>:S
            :call system('chmod +w -- ' . expand('%:S'))

使用您的示例：

$ touch '"I'\''m also a n00b.txt"'
$ ls
"I'm also a n00b.txt"

然后vim '"I'\''m also a n00b.txt"'，瞧：

:!ls %:S

"I'm also a n00b.txt"

该:S文件名修改是在Vim的7.4可用。

Answer 2

从:help filename-modifiers：

The file name modifiers can be used after "%", "#", "#n", "<cfile>", "<sfile>",
"<afile>" or "<abuf>".  ...

...
    :s?pat?sub?
            Substitute the first occurrence of "pat" with "sub".  This
            works like the |:s| command.  "pat" is a regular expression.
            Any character can be used for '?', but it must not occur in
            "pat" or "sub".
            After this, the previous modifiers can be used again.  For
            example ":p", to make a full path after the substitution.
    :gs?pat?sub?
            Substitute all occurrences of "path" with "sub".  Otherwise
            this works like ":s".

因此，我们不只是处理双引号或单引号，而是用反斜杠转义所有不寻常的内容：

:!ls -l %:gs/[^0-9a-zA-Z_-]/\\&/

与您提供的测试文件名完美配合。

要使用您可能需要的绝对路径，您可以在末尾rsync添加：:p

:!ls -l %:gs/[^0-9a-zA-Z_-]/\\&/:p

实际上，如果您对每个字符进行反斜杠转义，它也可以正常工作，并且键入的时间会更短：

:!ls -l %:gs/./\\&/:p

因此，在您的rsync命令中，请使用 ，而不是。%%:gs/./\\&/:p