ph0*_*nix 2 filesystems ext4 corruption
崩溃后，我有一个 Ext4 文件系统（在 LVM LV 上），在运行时出现以下错误fsck.ext4 -nf：
e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Corruption found in superblock. (blocks_count = 0).
The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
or
e2fsck -b 32768 <device>
我已经跑去dumpe2fs寻找超级块的其他副本，但是无论我在fsck.ext4s -b选项之后添加哪个副本，我都会得到完全相同的输出。
此外，dumpe2fs查看正确的块数（Block count: 4294967296，一个 16TB 的文件系统）。这是（截断的）输出：
Filesystem volume name: <none>
Last mounted on: /storage
Filesystem UUID: fef00ffc-5341-4158-9279-88cad6cc211f
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 268435456
Block count: 4294967296
Reserved block count: 42949672
Free blocks: 534754162
Free inodes: 268391425
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Group descriptor size: 64
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 2048
Inode blocks per group: 128
Flex block group size: 16
Filesystem created: Wed Jan 16 11:07:07 2013
Last mount time: Sun Feb 1 21:21:31 2015
Last write time: Sun Feb 1 21:21:45 2015
Mount count: 18
Maximum mount count: -1
Last checked: Wed Jan 16 11:07:07 2013
Check interval: 0 (<none>)
Lifetime writes: 14 TB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: c7ec9ee0-002b-431d-a37c-33db922c6057
Journal backup: inode blocks
Journal features: journal_incompat_revoke journal_64bit
Journal size: 128M
Journal length: 32768
Journal sequence: 0x0000e3fe
Journal start: 0
Group 0: (Blocks 0-32767) [ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x4623, unused inodes 2034
Primary superblock at 0, Group descriptors at 1-2048
Block bitmap at 2049 (+2049), Inode bitmap at 2065 (+2065)
Inode table at 2081-2208 (+2081)
28637 free blocks, 2036 free inodes, 1 directories, 2034 unused inodes
Free blocks: 4130-4133, 4135-32767
Free inodes: 11, 14-2048
Group 1: (Blocks 32768-65535) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0xfd95, unused inodes 2048
Backup superblock at 32768, Group descriptors at 32769-34816
Block bitmap at 2050 (bg #0 + 2050), Inode bitmap at 2066 (bg #0 + 2066)
Inode table at 2209-2336 (bg #0 + 2209)
1522 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 34817, 35343-36863
Free inodes: 2049-4096
Group 2: (Blocks 65536-98303) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x95d0, unused inodes 2048
Block bitmap at 2051 (bg #0 + 2051), Inode bitmap at 2067 (bg #0 + 2067)
Inode table at 2337-2464 (bg #0 + 2337)
115 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 85901-86015
Free inodes: 4097-6144
Group 3: (Blocks 98304-131071) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x6e40, unused inodes 2048
Backup superblock at 98304, Group descriptors at 98305-100352
Block bitmap at 2052 (bg #0 + 2052), Inode bitmap at 2068 (bg #0 + 2068)
Inode table at 2465-2592 (bg #0 + 2465)
1505 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 100895-102399
Free inodes: 6145-8192
Group 4: (Blocks 131072-163839) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x4788, unused inodes 2048
Block bitmap at 2053 (bg #0 + 2053), Inode bitmap at 2069 (bg #0 + 2069)
Inode table at 2593-2720 (bg #0 + 2593)
1808 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 141552-143359
Free inodes: 8193-10240
Group 5: (Blocks 163840-196607) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x0d39, unused inodes 2048
Backup superblock at 163840, Group descriptors at 163841-165888
Block bitmap at 2054 (bg #0 + 2054), Inode bitmap at 2070 (bg #0 + 2070)
Inode table at 2721-2848 (bg #0 + 2721)
2023 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 165913-167935
Free inodes: 10241-12288
Group 6: (Blocks 196608-229375) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0xc119, unused inodes 2048
Block bitmap at 2055 (bg #0 + 2055), Inode bitmap at 2071 (bg #0 + 2071)
Inode table at 2849-2976 (bg #0 + 2849)
1755 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 198541-198655, 223640-225279
Free inodes: 12289-14336
Group 7: (Blocks 229376-262143) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0xf858, unused inodes 2048
Backup superblock at 229376, Group descriptors at 229377-231424
Block bitmap at 2056 (bg #0 + 2056), Inode bitmap at 2072 (bg #0 + 2072)
Inode table at 2977-3104 (bg #0 + 2977)
1796 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 231676-233471
Free inodes: 14337-16384
Group 8: (Blocks 262144-294911) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x6a75, unused inodes 2048
Block bitmap at 2057 (bg #0 + 2057), Inode bitmap at 2073 (bg #0 + 2073)
Inode table at 3105-3232 (bg #0 + 3105)
1700 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 278876-280575
Free inodes: 16385-18432
Group 9: (Blocks 294912-327679) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
Checksum 0x3840, unused inodes 2048
Backup superblock at 294912, Group descriptors at 294913-296960
Block bitmap at 2058 (bg #0 + 2058), Inode bitmap at 2074 (bg #0 + 2074)
Inode table at 3233-3360 (bg #0 + 3233)
1986 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories, 2048 unused inodes
Free blocks: 297022-299007
Free inodes: 18433-20480
... truncated ...
奇怪的是我可以在没有任何（明显的）问题的情况下挂载文件系统（尽管我还不敢写信）。
对于允许我完成 fsck 的解决方案的任何建议/指针/想法？
您的设备正好有 4294967296 个块，即 2 32，所以这听起来像是一个可变大小的问题……如果您运行的是 32 位 e2fsck，这可以解释错误消息；您看到的错误来自e2fsck/super.c：
check_super_value(ctx, "blocks_count", ext2fs_blocks_count(sb),
MIN_CHECK, 1, 0);
其中check_super_value()定义为
static void check_super_value(e2fsck_t ctx, const char *descr,
unsigned long value, int flags,
unsigned long min_val, unsigned long max_val)
因此，在unsigned long4 个字节的 32 位系统上，您blocks_count最终将是 0 并且无法通过最小值检查，而不会表明文件系统存在实际问题。
你只在崩溃后看到这个的原因fsck是它只在崩溃后运行或者文件系统没有被检查太长时间。
然后回答你的问题是，如果你正在运行的是32位的e2fsck，尝试64位版本...
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