Apache 不侦听端口 443

Question

我已经购买了 SSL，我正在尝试在浏览器上设置它。端口在路由器中转发到服务器，相信SSL证书安装正确（apache启动正常）。

我在 IPtables 防火墙中打开了端口，但是当我列出侦听的端口时 - 我没有看到任何侦听端口 443 的内容。

我检查了我的配置（带有 LAMP 服务器的默认 debian 7）并且我的 ports.conf 文件中有以下内容：

# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also
# have to change the VirtualHost statement in
# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default
# This is also true if you have upgraded from before 2.2.9-3 (i.e. from
# Debian etch). See /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/NEWS.Debian.gz and
# README.Debian.gz

NameVirtualHost *:80
Listen 80


<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change
    # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl
    # to <VirtualHost *:443>
    # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not
    # supported by MSIE on Windows XP.
     NameVirtualHost *:443
     Listen 443
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_gnutls.c>
    NameVirtualHost *:443
    Listen 443
</IfModule>

在启用站点的我有一个名为 default-ssl 的文件，其中包含（它很长，我只会添加主机数据，而不是整个 ssl 文件选项，除非有人认为它可以提供帮助）

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

        DocumentRoot /var/www
        <Directory />
                Options FollowSymLinks
                AllowOverride None
        </Directory>
        <Directory /var/www/>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
                AllowOverride All
#               Order allow,deny
#               allow from all
        </Directory>

        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
        <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
                AllowOverride None
                Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
                Order allow,deny
                Allow from all
        </Directory>

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

        # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
        # alert, emerg.
        LogLevel warn

        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined

        #   SSL Engine Switch:
        #   Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
        SSLEngine on


    #   A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing
    #   the ssl-cert package. See
    #   /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info.
    #   If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the
    #   SSLCertificateFile directive is needed.
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/ssl/dev.webmark.co.il/dev_webmark_co_il.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/dev.webmark.co.il/dev.webmark.co.il.key

    #   Server Certificate Chain:
    #   Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
    #   concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
    #   certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
    #   the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
    #   when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
    #   certificate for convinience.
    #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt

    #   Certificate Authority (CA):
    #   Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
    #   certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
    #   huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
    #   Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks
    #         to point to the certificate files. Use the provided

所以我为这篇很长的帖子道歉，只是认为这是相关信息。

我认为ports.conf 文件在443 上启用了侦听器，但我不知道为什么它不启用。

当我列出侦听端口时：

netstat -a | egrep 'Proto|LISTEN'

我得到

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 10.0.0.10:mysql         *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:35563                 *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:sunrpc                *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 localhost:61619         *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:61620                 *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:ftp                   *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                   *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 10.0.0.10:8888          *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 localhost:smtp          *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:27017                 *:*                     LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:sunrpc             [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 localhost:smtp          [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:https              [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:55644              [::]:*                  LISTEN
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node   Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7400     /tmp/mongodb-27017.so                                                                                        ck
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7444     /var/run/dbus/system_                                                                                        bus_socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7215     /var/run/rpcbind.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     SEQPACKET  LISTENING     3434     /run/udev/control
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7351     /var/run/acpid.socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7624     /var/run/mysqld/mysql                                                                                        

我很确定条件为真。我希望我提供了所有相关信息，而不是太多。感谢您花时间阅读本文。颜

编辑 以确保 mod_ssl 正在运行 - 我使用过

apache2ctl -M

结果是：

Loaded Modules:
 core_module (static)
 log_config_module (static)
 logio_module (static)
 version_module (static)
 mpm_prefork_module (static)
 http_module (static)
 so_module (static)
 alias_module (shared)
 auth_basic_module (shared)
 authn_file_module (shared)
 authz_default_module (shared)
 authz_groupfile_module (shared)
 authz_host_module (shared)
 authz_user_module (shared)
 autoindex_module (shared)
 cgi_module (shared)
 deflate_module (shared)
 dir_module (shared)
 env_module (shared)
 headers_module (shared)
 mime_module (shared)
 ssl_module (shared)
 negotiation_module (shared)
 php5_module (shared)
 reqtimeout_module (shared)
 rewrite_module (shared)
 setenvif_module (shared)
 status_module (shared)
Syntax OK

/编辑

Answer 1

你启用了mod_ssl吗？由于您正在运行 Debian，这是执行此操作的方法（以 root 身份运行或通过 sudo 运行）：

a2enmod ssl

Answer 2

端口 443 是 HTTPS。从你的netstat输出：

tcp6       0      0 [::]:https              [::]:*                  LISTEN

很明显，一个进程正在监听端口 443。要确认上面是否是 Apache (httpd) 进程，以 root 身份运行命令很重要。使用ss，而不是作为netstat被弃用：

# ss -tlnp