创建带有 subjectAltName 的自签名证书以修复 Chrome 58+ 中的 [missing_subjectAltName]

Question

我试图为创建一个自签名证书localhost包含subjectAltName到满足的Chrome 58+：

createcertificate.sh：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
filename="$1server"
openssl req -new -sha256 -nodes -out ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.csr -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.key -config <( cat ${filename}_csr.txt )
openssl x509 -req -in ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.csr -CA ~/ssl/rootCA.pem -CAkey ~/ssl/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.crt -days 500 -sha256

server_csr.txt：

[req]
default_bits = 2048
prompt = no
default_md = sha256
req_extensions = req_ext
distinguished_name = dn

[ dn ]
C=US
ST=New York
L=Rochester
O=End Point
OU=Testing Domain
emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com
CN = localhost

[ req_ext ]
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = localhost

电话./createcertificate.sh：

server_csr.txt
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.........................................................................................................+++
...............................+++
writing new private key to './../nginx/ssl/server.key'
-----
Signature ok
subject=/C=US/ST=New York/L=Rochester/O=End Point/OU=Testing Domain/emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com/CN=localhost
Getting CA Private Key
Enter pass phrase for /home/alexzeitler/ssl/rootCA.key:

但是 Chrome 58 仍然拒绝证书：

This server could not prove that it is localhost; its security certificate is from [missing_subjectAltName]. This may be caused by a misconfiguration or an attacker intercepting your connection. 

这是输出openssl req -in ../nginx/ssl/server.csr -noout -text：

Certificate Request:
    Data:
        Version: 0 (0x0)
        Subject: C=US, ST=New York, L=Rochester, O=End Point, OU=Testing Domain/emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com, CN=localhost
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:cf:ec:6d:54:6e:db:e0:9c:cd:17:c2:dd:bf:81:
                    1e:52:bb:62:27:04:f3:13:8e:01:69:47:fa:93:92:
                    57:b3:77:be:51:87:9b:c8:40:f1:28:de:df:cb:d2:
                    fd:87:fb:00:a1:c4:17:30:4c:9a:fd:e0:b6:d0:8c:
                    a0:c9:01:f4:71:5f:63:ee:6d:4c:5a:b4:4d:ca:60:
                    d4:0b:dc:6f:c1:2b:62:95:44:76:ec:45:bf:cb:39:
                    4a:0a:e4:f7:84:56:d0:1b:11:2c:e7:a8:b6:f6:bc:
                    46:89:bb:4b:44:3c:7d:9d:d8:cc:75:4c:4c:72:15:
                    b4:58:77:9b:38:61:72:4c:b2:45:55:a2:34:06:aa:
                    4c:9d:54:cb:a4:bf:58:26:88:11:81:17:a3:52:ab:
                    c8:38:f7:c5:55:78:af:d3:be:3f:70:95:79:d9:79:
                    10:45:5f:e9:10:e9:56:6f:b5:fa:b9:36:2e:c8:40:
                    c5:fa:86:66:12:82:ec:ab:45:75:54:ec:93:40:9f:
                    d1:cc:8f:18:31:8b:62:1c:20:da:6e:19:17:89:c5:
                    6f:c5:b9:23:a0:86:6e:70:f9:2a:b1:e3:87:dc:a2:
                    57:99:16:05:d4:85:01:43:34:48:d5:b4:39:35:63:
                    46:81:d2:f1:b8:66:e2:21:31:c3:8a:02:f7:8f:a9:
                    b4:8b
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        Attributes:
        Requested Extensions:
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name: 
                DNS:localhost
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         60:d7:11:95:45:9b:b6:35:ed:b7:31:2b:14:5d:c7:57:bb:cd:
         fc:3b:c4:97:01:aa:46:4c:58:9b:f8:4c:44:e2:12:46:2d:69:
         5f:95:10:02:fd:79:e1:30:cb:a9:f9:41:b2:a7:b6:fa:e3:2f:
         e9:c6:7c:3e:3a:b1:db:64:b9:6e:ab:a1:98:82:0c:df:cf:b5:
         e9:7f:17:f0:87:c9:09:15:ab:c8:9b:a2:d8:b3:37:a8:13:2e:
         05:f5:ab:18:4c:cf:d9:6d:d0:05:c4:90:b5:0e:a5:c2:24:6d:
         12:fb:e1:64:5c:d0:6f:5a:86:a3:d2:1f:b8:73:12:1e:39:28:
         a9:50:a4:88:fb:e6:24:95:17:43:76:22:7d:57:48:af:84:36:
         66:30:d8:3b:88:3b:4c:c5:44:fc:92:75:16:b6:9a:22:4b:cf:
         b2:9b:19:e2:15:d4:9c:04:85:8d:7a:59:f7:13:7c:be:d4:4f:
         c5:d8:02:79:ab:98:3f:91:0e:da:ba:8b:68:01:d3:71:cb:f0:
         55:22:fe:f8:55:41:ef:ac:f4:55:48:06:ce:75:ba:33:5c:b2:
         7b:f3:a7:b4:c3:ec:c0:52:ec:e1:56:64:84:cb:fa:a1:ca:0c:
         c0:c3:87:e4:f4:c1:5b:8b:92:00:26:9d:a8:6b:35:58:1f:ad:
         9e:91:ba:5b

因此，该Subject Alternative Name信息似乎存在于 csr 中。

另一方面openssl x509 -text -in ../nginx/ssl/server.crt -noout输出：

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 1 (0x0)
        Serial Number: 17237690484651272010 (0xef38942aa5c5274a)
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=US, ST=New York, L=Rochester, O=End Point, CN=localhost/emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com
        Validity
            Not Before: Apr 23 15:42:28 2017 GMT
            Not After : Sep  5 15:42:28 2018 GMT
        Subject: C=US, ST=New York, L=Rochester, O=End Point, OU=Testing Domain/emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com, CN=localhost
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:af:ee:7c:7a:2c:3c:5c:a6:57:ce:81:cf:22:49:
                    3c:d3:c4:6d:3a:71:a8:c7:cf:04:cc:68:4a:e6:03:
                    7c:9d:9d:49:c7:4f:8e:33:09:5b:73:9b:a0:21:51:
                    27:c6:e6:d0:ac:f5:5e:1d:4f:f8:60:9f:a1:50:1e:
                    dd:1f:bc:20:44:6f:42:c8:de:2a:6f:04:b7:21:aa:
                    cb:82:18:5e:fa:d8:68:5d:e5:c6:a0:cb:39:e3:91:
                    60:99:3f:ae:63:ab:9c:23:e9:03:0c:ca:10:23:8f:
                    76:e1:5c:55:10:b7:e1:e7:aa:e7:24:4d:49:ff:d0:
                    c7:67:f6:8a:1d:36:12:15:49:2d:33:c9:39:d4:3f:
                    7f:b6:a5:9e:ac:b5:55:75:aa:bc:7f:f4:c2:85:b4:
                    18:f1:76:3c:5e:a3:df:47:00:1c:e6:ac:d5:3c:f3:
                    ac:ff:f2:f0:7a:43:3f:63:bd:77:86:ea:3f:e5:35:
                    04:fa:3c:2a:0c:34:b5:36:ee:a0:b2:50:f9:08:31:
                    b8:76:27:af:c7:c6:5a:af:52:07:6f:c3:d6:6c:97:
                    6b:9b:cb:cd:c7:01:4f:33:7e:2f:09:06:b0:71:1a:
                    9a:9f:30:d4:c3:67:89:15:dc:df:ad:68:44:54:29:
                    26:d0:ca:8e:f6:eb:dd:f3:1a:74:63:89:b4:c5:72:
                    82:af
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         42:f7:c4:1e:47:dc:e7:81:3a:b0:83:a8:fd:51:53:32:f7:80:
         76:b4:ec:a8:44:17:5a:18:29:68:9f:14:4a:1c:35:87:3e:7a:
         13:95:0c:8b:5b:2f:f9:f0:42:56:51:9c:a9:9f:7f:77:45:7d:
         6c:1d:1c:39:75:99:4a:c5:22:c4:d9:1d:11:bb:bf:7d:56:7b:
         a7:18:fc:2a:c3:32:c1:72:3a:17:0e:1d:27:f1:f3:b6:72:91:
         5d:38:64:6c:98:03:8b:17:88:ce:2c:a2:dc:2a:86:a0:e8:23:
         e8:07:79:ac:05:62:b1:17:10:84:82:02:23:4a:10:9a:2a:b3:
         9c:5d:05:71:31:43:f3:28:4e:28:bd:31:49:21:1f:39:b0:6b:
         39:27:1c:1a:8e:b8:92:e9:e7:76:a2:e7:3e:6c:ba:fc:56:f1:
         78:85:3f:68:ea:db:50:88:b4:8a:fc:ea:73:04:4b:8a:54:86:
         5e:0d:fc:b4:70:72:c9:5a:c7:cf:cb:19:e2:9a:b9:af:c6:3e:
         55:06:1c:7c:62:44:b3:e6:57:2b:0f:cc:33:9e:28:5f:62:85:
         05:27:4c:f0:de:6c:d6:fb:e4:de:2f:41:99:34:b2:b1:7d:12:
         b6:d6:96:a5:4b:c4:49:6b:49:bf:c5:86:e6:3c:3e:f3:e3:ef:
         a9:d3:21:5e

在.crt不包含Subject Alternative Name。

Answer 1

在阅读 的文档时subjectAltName，我注意到，Version: 1当文档显示Version: 3.

为了获得Version 3证书，我指定了以下-extfile选项：

sudo openssl x509 -req -in ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.csr -CA ~/ssl/rootCA.pem -CAkey ~/ssl/rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out ./../nginx/ssl/${filename}.crt -days 500 -sha256 -extfile v3.ext

v3.ext 看起来像这样：

authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[alt_names]
DNS.1 = localhost

openssl x509 -text -in ../nginx/ssl/server.crt -noout再次运行时，证书现在还包含以下Subject Alternative Name部分：

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number: 17237690484651272016 (0xef38942aa5c52750)
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=US, ST=New York, L=Rochester, O=End Point, CN=localhost/your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com
        Validity
            Not Before: Apr 23 16:07:38 2017 GMT
            Not After : Sep  5 16:07:38 2018 GMT
        Subject: C=US, ST=New York, L=Rochester, O=End Point, OU=Testing Domain/emailAddress=your-administrative-address@your-awesome-existing-domain.com, CN=localhost
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:b2:e3:bd:ed:28:04:85:ea:75:ee:d2:82:e1:eb:
                    f5:5f:7f:cf:7e:cb:70:de:86:9f:75:7c:f3:71:e7:
                    da:16:fb:bc:1f:89:bc:47:08:77:ca:33:20:f1:c1:
                    9e:e3:20:8d:89:14:7e:c1:0a:12:d2:59:24:56:9b:
                    77:90:5f:69:d1:a5:f1:00:38:93:1b:a7:75:f1:33:
                    e2:da:dc:32:a9:0a:85:7d:9a:20:81:ca:20:ee:86:
                    ce:e2:a0:52:d2:ab:11:34:e5:52:99:3a:81:c6:9f:
                    6b:0f:6a:02:2b:38:a6:84:c9:ba:fa:9b:ef:0a:89:
                    22:4b:79:86:3c:bd:44:a5:54:fb:cf:4d:8b:d1:44:
                    03:35:22:de:69:77:c8:fa:4d:c6:01:25:08:9f:4d:
                    a9:79:7a:aa:ca:03:b6:e4:51:57:22:27:5f:a7:12:
                    11:f3:e6:00:29:f6:58:be:2c:aa:09:e4:06:45:d9:
                    3f:75:a7:f0:75:bd:2b:a6:bb:6d:ad:93:bb:b9:1d:
                    d7:75:39:4e:9b:1d:0e:39:cc:17:74:88:f7:e2:b7:
                    85:12:96:e0:cb:42:56:d0:11:e0:84:86:e5:14:a5:
                    f2:6d:43:5d:f9:59:ae:61:7f:01:ae:95:b8:92:27:
                    1d:1c:02:d7:ad:fb:ee:f6:25:38:60:c8:41:20:17:
                    80:69
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:5A:8D:89:64:BD:F2:3E:C2:D7:7B:BE:17:84:F4:29:E8:C5:32:35:34

            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            X509v3 Key Usage:
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment, Data Encipherment
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:localhost
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         27:1d:d6:84:50:33:d2:ff:b1:06:9b:fa:f1:40:7d:47:11:bc:
         f7:80:fd:26:87:0e:91:9f:14:be:1f:1d:9b:32:d1:fb:d6:8d:
         af:30:8a:88:38:8c:1c:bf:77:98:8e:cd:06:48:82:fa:09:b9:
         3c:0d:38:c4:a0:da:b7:4d:f5:81:5f:5a:76:04:61:f8:c2:1a:
         17:ad:56:7c:72:ba:f6:65:7f:7f:e7:5e:b2:34:ba:13:23:57:
         84:f1:c5:ca:dd:5b:55:69:95:71:44:4a:30:53:61:5c:ad:47:
         d8:9c:d5:a2:1b:18:2d:e1:19:35:3e:3f:b2:7e:fd:bf:f3:d0:
         45:dc:f5:57:f0:1b:cd:70:1b:e0:34:de:27:98:89:b4:a5:25:
         a5:6c:29:c3:89:a6:a5:c5:4d:f5:45:3b:47:8e:13:45:23:07:
         5e:d6:59:0d:96:c6:a3:f0:c5:3d:ee:a8:ad:36:96:43:13:a1:
         b8:55:f6:c7:10:7e:8f:5d:09:ef:61:17:2a:9c:3b:50:28:c8:
         e3:8d:a6:34:06:50:d4:3e:d5:17:ea:7d:31:97:d3:ee:df:b5:
         23:66:5e:22:b7:e4:fa:36:4f:9a:d5:f0:a3:f9:b4:2b:27:02:
         0b:41:94:d1:a1:f7:1b:2c:7e:74:e6:14:c3:b5:67:15:d2:ca:
         02:77:57:a6

我还创建了一篇博客文章。

如果你想添加127.0.0.1，你必须写：

[alt_names]
IP.1 = 127.0.0.1

如果您添加DNS.1 = 127.0.0.1Chrome 将返回一个ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID.

感谢@Robar 在评论中指出这一点。

Answer 2

在 Windows 中，将此脚本作为 makeCert.bat 保存在您的 SSL 文件夹中。它制作的自签名证书将满足 Chrome 版本 58+ 对 SAN（主题备用名称）的要求。

此脚本将创建以下文件：example.cnf、example.crt、example.key

@echo off

REM IN YOUR SSL FOLDER, SAVE THIS FILE AS: makeCert.bat
REM AT COMMAND LINE IN YOUR SSL FOLDER, RUN: makecert
REM IT WILL CREATE THESE FILES: example.cnf, example.crt, example.key
REM IMPORT THE .crt FILE INTO CHROME Trusted Root Certification Authorities
REM REMEMBER TO RESTART APACHE OR NGINX AFTER YOU CONFIGURE FOR THESE FILES

REM PLEASE UPDATE THE FOLLOWING VARIABLES FOR YOUR NEEDS.
SET HOSTNAME=example
SET DOT=com
SET COUNTRY=US
SET STATE=KS
SET CITY=Olathe
SET ORGANIZATION=IT
SET ORGANIZATION_UNIT=IT Department
SET EMAIL=webmaster@%HOSTNAME%.%DOT%

(
echo [req]
echo default_bits = 2048
echo prompt = no
echo default_md = sha256
echo x509_extensions = v3_req
echo distinguished_name = dn
echo:
echo [dn]
echo C = %COUNTRY%
echo ST = %STATE%
echo L = %CITY%
echo O = %ORGANIZATION%
echo OU = %ORGANIZATION_UNIT%
echo emailAddress = %EMAIL%
echo CN = %HOSTNAME%.%DOT%
echo:
echo [v3_req]
echo subjectAltName = @alt_names
echo:
echo [alt_names]
echo DNS.1 = *.%HOSTNAME%.%DOT%
echo DNS.2 = %HOSTNAME%.%DOT%
)>%HOSTNAME%.cnf

openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -sha256 -nodes -keyout %HOSTNAME%.key -days 3560 -out %HOSTNAME%.crt -config %HOSTNAME%.cnf