将 Windows 10 转移到新硬盘？

Question

我有一台新的笔记本电脑，它预装了 Windows 10 ......在我什至可以访问互联网之前，我想撕掉硬盘并安装我即将到来的固态驱动器......那我该怎么办？ ....1) 将所有安全更新和新驱动程序（使用 iobit driverbooster）下载到原始硬盘驱动器，然后使用 Windows 恢复工具在 USB 上创建“备份”...或者我应该在换出后安装驱动程序硬盘驱动器或什么......或者我需要使用SSD“克隆”软件在SSD驱动器上重新安装Windows吗？

Answer 1

下面是我如何使用开源软件、USB 记忆棒和外部驱动器机箱来临时托管您的新 SSD。大约需要一个小时左右。

1. 启动您的 PC 并在连接新旧驱动器的情况下正常登录。

2. 下载GParted Live ISO 映像。

3. Download unetbootin.

4. Plug in your USB stick and then run unetbootin to install the downloaded ISO to your USB stick.

5. Now reboot your computer using the advanced restart options (start menu ? power menu ? hold the shift key + press restart) to get into your UEFI options and change your boot options (from the advanced restart options, choose Troubleshoot ? Advanced options ? UEFI firmware settings). Once the computer restarts and you are in the UEFI settings, you should be able to set an option to make the computer boot from the USB stick.

6. Exit UEFI and you will boot into GParted Live. During startup, you might be prompted about keymaps, language, etc. In most cases, you can just press enter to accept all of the defaults.

7. Once GParted Live has started up its graphical interface, you will see icons for the terminal and GParted program (there's also an option to change the resolution to something more readable if you have a hi dpi screen). Plug in your external drive. Double click GParted to start it up and use the File -> Devices menu to verify the device name of each drive (usually /dev/sda for the internal drive and /dev/sdb for the external drive, but you should verify this or you could write over the wrong drive).

8. If your current drive is bigger than the new one, you should now use GParted to shrink its partition and move any other partitions so that the sectors from the first through the last partition can fit on the new disk. (I suggest that you do NOT MOVE your main partition, just SHRINK it or you may be unable to boot from the drive again.)

9. Now open the terminal and use the dd command to copy your old drive to your new drive. This will take a long time (but less time the more you can shrink the partition on the original drive). Enter the following command:

   # Double-check the device locations or you could corrupt your drives!
   sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=16M status=progress
   

10. If your new drive is smaller than the original drive then the dd command will end with a disk full error. This is fine, but it will probably mean your new main partition is corrupted. You can fix this in the terminal using the gdisk tool (see here). Depending on the drive configuration you may need to follow these steps even if you don't get a disk full error.

    sudo gdisk /dev/sdb 
    #will start interactive tool and warn you about corrupted partition
    #if it is corrupted enter the following commands
    x   #for expert mode
    e   #copy partition structures to end of disk
    w   #write the change`
    

11. Go back to the GParted program and select the reload devices menu option and verify the copied drive shows up correctly. You can now use GParted to resize the main windows partition to use all of the space on the new disk if necessary.

12. You should now have a copy of the drive that you can install into the machine. Note that windows may report a conflict or have other issues if it detects the presence of the new and old drives because they share the same GUID so you should remove the old one (or format it if you don't need the backup).