在chkdsk中，什么是在线扫描？

Question

运行 Windows 8.0 Pro，chkdsk有一个/scan选项Runs a online scan on the volume（原文如此）。什么是在线扫描？

我的猜测是它在让您使用驱动器的同时运行它，如果它是您的 c: 驱动器，这很好。

以下是完整选项：

CHKDSK [volume[[path]filename]]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L[:size]] [/B]
[/scan] [/spotfix]


  volume              Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon),
                      mount point, or volume name.
  filename            FAT/FAT32 only: Specifies the files to check for
                      fragmentation.
  /F                  Fixes errors on the disk.
  /V                  On FAT/FAT32: Displays the full path and name of every
                      file on the disk.
                      On NTFS: Displays cleanup messages if any.
  /R                  Locates bad sectors and recovers readable information
                      (implies /F, when /scan not specified).
  /L:size             NTFS only:  Changes the log file size to the specified
                      number of kilobytes.  If size is not specified, displays
                      current size.
  /X                  Forces the volume to dismount first if necessary.
                      All opened handles to the volume would then be invalid
                      (implies /F).
  /I                  NTFS only: Performs a less vigorous check of index
                      entries.
  /C                  NTFS only: Skips checking of cycles within the folder
                      structure.
  /B                  NTFS only: Re-evaluates bad clusters on the volume
                      (implies /R)
  /scan               NTFS only: Runs a online scan on the volume
  /forceofflinefix    NTFS only: (Must be used with "/scan")
                      Bypass all online repair; all defects found
                      are queued for offline repair (i.e. "chkdsk /spotfix").
  /perf               NTFS only: (Must be used with "/scan")
                      Uses more system resources to complete a scan as fast as
                      possible. This may have a negative performance impact on
                      other tasks running on the system.
  /spotfix            NTFS only: Runs spot fixing on the volume
  /sdcleanup          NTFS only: Garbage collect unneeded security descriptor
                      data (implies /F).
  /offlinescanandfix  Runs an offline scan and fix on the volume.

The /I or /C switch reduces the amount of time required to run Chkdsk by
skipping certain checks of the volume.

Answer 1

脱机扫描是通过卸载卷来修复文件系统损坏并使卷恢复正常状态来完成的。通常，只有非系统卷才有可能，并且在操作系统启动并完全运行之前，系统卷（设置了脏位）在启动期间被扫描。

自修复是 NTFS 内置的一项功能，可修复在正常操作期间遇到的某些类型的损坏，并且可以在卷仍处于联机状态时进行这些修复。如果检测到的所有问题都可以在线自我修复，那么显然不需要离线修复。在 Windows 8 中，可以在线处理的问题数量有所增加，因此进一步减少了使用 chkdsk 运行离线扫描的需要。所有这些都是新 NTFS 健康模型的一部分：

您还可以使用chkdsk /scan运行按需在线扫描来识别和定位文件系统损坏，但对于重大问题，仍然需要完整的离线扫描。

_{来源：重新设计 chkdsk 和新的 NTFS 健康模型}