默认网关从路由表中消失

Question

我在笔记本电脑上使用 NetworkManager (Arch Linux) 来连接无线网络。我使用官方的 GNOME GUI。一切正常，但半小时后网络仍然连接，但默认网关只是从路由表中消失。

?  log  ip r                                 
10.135.1.0/24 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.135.1.3  metric 303 
10.135.1.3 via 127.0.0.1 dev lo  metric 303

默认网关应该是 10.135.1.138，我实际上可以 ping 它。如果我重新连接，重新启动 NetworkManager 或使用“ip r”手动添加它，我可以恢复它，但它会在半小时后再次消失。

我尝试了两种不同的 WiFi 驱动程序，两者都发生了。我尝试使用 wicd 而不是 NetworkManager，它似乎解决了问题。但是，由于其他几个原因，我对 wicd 并不满意，而且我很想知道 NetworkManager 有什么问题。我检查了在 NetworkManager 运行时 netctl 和 wicd 是否被禁用（是否有任何其他服务可能会干扰它？）。

这是过去一小时的日志。不过，我找不到任何可疑之处：

Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0/wireless): connection 'KrustyKrab' has security, and secrets exist.  No new secrets needed.
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: added 'ssid' value 'KrustyKrab'
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: added 'scan_ssid' value '1'
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: added 'key_mgmt' value 'WPA-PSK'
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: added 'auth_alg' value 'OPEN'
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: added 'psk' value '<omitted>'
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete.
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Config: set interface ap_scan to 1
Jan 18 17:36:39 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: inactive -> scanning
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: scanning -> authenticating
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: authenticating -> associating
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: associating -> 4-way handshake
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: 4-way handshake -> completed
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0/wireless) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) successful.  Connected to wireless network 'KrustyKrab'.
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) scheduled.
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) started...
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0]
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Beginning DHCPv4 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> dhcpcd started with pid 2403
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Beginning IP6 addrconf.
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) complete.
Jan 18 17:36:40 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed nbi -> preinit
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed preinit -> bound
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   address 10.135.1.3
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   gateway 10.135.1.138
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   nameserver '10.135.1.138'
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Configure Commit) scheduled...
Jan 18 17:36:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) started...
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: ip-config -> secondaries (reason 'none') [70 90 0]
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) complete.
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0]
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Policy set 'KrustyKrab' (wlan0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Writing DNS information to /usr/bin/resolvconf
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) successful, device activated.
Jan 18 17:36:51 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <warn> Dispatcher failed: (32) Unit dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service failed to load: No such file or directory.
Jan 18 17:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): IP6 addrconf timed out or failed.
Jan 18 17:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) scheduled...
Jan 18 17:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) started...
Jan 18 17:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) complete.
Jan 18 18:06:50 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> (null)
Jan 18 18:06:55 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed (null) -> bound
Jan 18 18:06:55 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   address 10.135.1.3
Jan 18 18:06:55 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Jan 18 18:06:55 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   gateway 10.135.1.138
Jan 18 18:06:55 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   nameserver '10.135.1.138'
Jan 18 18:36:56 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> (null)
Jan 18 18:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed (null) -> bound
Jan 18 18:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   address 10.135.1.3
Jan 18 18:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Jan 18 18:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   gateway 10.135.1.138
Jan 18 18:37:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   nameserver '10.135.1.138'
Jan 18 18:48:23 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <warn> Connection disconnected (reason -4)
Jan 18 18:48:23 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Jan 18 18:48:23 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: disconnected -> scanning
Jan 18 18:48:24 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: scanning -> authenticating
Jan 18 18:48:24 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: authenticating -> associating
Jan 18 18:48:24 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: associating -> 4-way handshake
Jan 18 18:48:24 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: 4-way handshake -> completed
Jan 18 19:07:01 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> (null)
Jan 18 19:07:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed (null) -> bound
Jan 18 19:07:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   address 10.135.1.3
Jan 18 19:07:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Jan 18 19:07:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   gateway 10.135.1.138
Jan 18 19:07:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   nameserver '10.135.1.138'
Jan 18 19:13:27 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <warn> Connection disconnected (reason -4)
Jan 18 19:13:27 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Jan 18 19:13:27 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: disconnected -> scanning
Jan 18 19:13:28 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: scanning -> authenticating
Jan 18 19:13:28 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: authenticating -> associating
Jan 18 19:13:28 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: associating -> 4-way handshake
Jan 18 19:13:28 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: 4-way handshake -> completed
Jan 18 19:37:07 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> (null)
Jan 18 19:37:13 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info> (wlan0): DHCPv4 state changed (null) -> bound
Jan 18 19:37:13 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   address 10.135.1.3
Jan 18 19:37:13 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Jan 18 19:37:13 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   gateway 10.135.1.138
Jan 18 19:37:13 tarsonis NetworkManager[2382]: <info>   nameserver '10.135.1.138'

真正奇怪的是它实际上显示了“网关 10.135.1.138”，尽管它不会出现在路由表中，除非我重新连接。

Answer 1

您碰巧没有激活netctl，是吗？

   sudo systemctl status netctl

维基百科 明确指出：

有许多解决方案可供选择，但请记住，所有解决方案都是相互排斥的；你不应该同时运行两个守护进程。

它所指的解决方案有Connman、Netctl、NetworkManager、Wicd。例如，我也只使用 NetworkManager。