ami*_*elz 16 windows command-line
在离线运行 Windows（没有 Internet 连接）的计算机上工作时，是否可以通过命令行获取/生成可用 cmd 命令（包括用法）的列表？
bum*_*mmi 20
对于命令列表：
help
有关特定命令的详细信息：
help <command>
或者
<command> /?
例如：
help xcopy
xcopy /?
Der*_*ler 15
您可以在Microsoft 命令行参考 AZ 中找到官方列表。除此之外...
为了直接回答您的问题，我设计了一个脚本来简单地列出.exe您可以执行的所有文件（因为它们位于您的PATH. 默认情况下，它只列出那些也驻留在其中的%WINDIR%（除非你用 运行它--all）。
在脚本的前一个迭代中，我用 开始每个命令/?，这是一个非常糟糕的主意。并非每个应用程序都PATH了解该参数。有些会简单地启动并保持运行，而不是打印任何帮助。所以这会很快消耗大量资源。
@SETLOCAL ENABLEEXTENSIONS
@ECHO OFF
IF "%1"=="--all" (
SET LIST_ALL=TRUE
)
CALL :printPath "%PATH%"
:printPath
FOR /F "tokens=1,* delims=;" %%A IN ("%~1") DO (
IF EXIST "%%A" (
PUSHD "%%A"
FOR %%F IN (*.exe) DO (
ECHO.%%~dnpfF | FINDSTR /C:"%WINDIR%" 1> NUL
IF ERRORLEVEL 1 (
IF "%LIST_ALL%"=="TRUE" ECHO.%%~dnpfF
) ELSE (
ECHO.%%~dnpfF
)
)
POPD
) ELSE (
REM ECHO Skipping non-existent folder '%%A'
)
CALL :printPath "%%~B"
)
ENDLOCAL
所以，那里。这为您提供了所有可用命令及其参数的列表。正如您已经预料到的，它并不像人们想象的那么有用。
这才是真正重要的！
比.exe你的文件更有趣的PATH是cmd.exe内置插件。像IF，FOR和SET。我没有完整的内置程序列表，但您可以通过运行cmd.exe /?以下命令查看其中的大部分内容：
DEL or ERASE
COLOR
CD or CHDIR
MD or MKDIR
PROMPT
PUSHD
POPD
SET
SETLOCAL
ENDLOCAL
IF
FOR
CALL
SHIFT
GOTO
START (also includes changes to external command invocation)
ASSOC
FTYPE
但是，此时帮助正在引用command extensions，因此该列表可能不完整。让我们仔细看看一些内置函数：
该FOR命令的文档列出了您可以传递给的所有疯狂参数FOR。如果您想编写与loops相关的任何内容，这是首选实用程序。
该文档还包含对疯狂的“波浪符号”的解释：
In addition, substitution of FOR variable references has been enhanced
You can now use the following optional syntax:
%~I - expands %I removing any surrounding quotes (")
%~fI - expands %I to a fully qualified path name
%~dI - expands %I to a drive letter only
%~pI - expands %I to a path only
%~nI - expands %I to a file name only
%~xI - expands %I to a file extension only
%~sI - expanded path contains short names only
%~aI - expands %I to file attributes of file
%~tI - expands %I to date/time of file
%~zI - expands %I to size of file
%~$PATH:I - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable and expands %I to the
fully qualified name of the first one found.
If the environment variable name is not
defined or the file is not found by the
search, then this modifier expands to the
empty string
The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:
%~dpI - expands %I to a drive letter and path only
%~nxI - expands %I to a file name and extension only
%~fsI - expands %I to a full path name with short names only
%~dp$PATH:I - searches the directories listed in the PATH
environment variable for %I and expands to the
drive letter and path of the first one found.
%~ftzaI - expands %I to a DIR like output line
IF是分支命令。您将需要此页面，因为它列出了比较运算符：
If Command Extensions are enabled IF changes as follows:
IF [/I] string1 compare-op string2 command
IF CMDEXTVERSION number command
IF DEFINED variable command
where compare-op may be one of:
EQU - equal
NEQ - not equal
LSS - less than
LEQ - less than or equal
GTR - greater than
GEQ - greater than or equal
SET 允许您对变量执行各种操作。
The /A switch specifies that the string to the right of the equal sign
is a numerical expression that is evaluated. The expression evaluator
is pretty simple and supports the following operations, in decreasing
order of precedence:
() - grouping
! ~ - - unary operators
* / % - arithmetic operators
+ - - arithmetic operators
<< >> - logical shift
& - bitwise and
^ - bitwise exclusive or
| - bitwise or
= *= /= %= += -= - assignment
&= ^= |= <<= >>=
, - expression separator
它还允许通过上述“波浪符号”进行字符串操作
小智 6
dostips.com ( CreateDosCommandIndex.bat ) 上有批处理脚本，它生成一个 html 文件，其中包含系统上可用 dos 命令的完整列表，以及通过“commandname /?”生成的相应输出。
我在下面报告它，因为此时 dostips.com 似乎有与数据库负载相关的问题，并且他们的网站间歇性地工作。
@ECHO OFF
REM.-- Prepare the Command Processor
SETLOCAL ENABLEEXTENSIONS
REM --
REM -- Copyright note
REM -- This script is provided as is. No waranty is made, whatso ever.
REM -- You may use and modify the script as you like, but keep the version history with
REM -- recognition to http://www.dostips.com in it.
REM --
REM Version History:
REM XX.XXX YYYYMMDD Author Description
SET "version=01.000" &:20051201 p.h. initial version, origin http://www.dostips.com
SET "version=01.001" &:20060122 p.h. Fix missing exclamation marks in documentation (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.002" &:20060218 p.h. replaced TEXTAREA with PRE XMP (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.003" &:20060218 p.h. php embedding (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.004" &:20060723 p.h. fix page links for FireFox (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.005" &:20061015 p.h. invoke HELP via '"call" help', allows overriding help command with a help.bat file (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.006" &:20061015 p.h. cleanup progress indicator (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=01.007" &:20080316 p.h. use codepage 1252 to support european users (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=02.000" &:20080316 p.h. use FOR command to generate HTML, avoids most escape characters (http://www.dostips.com)
SET "version=02.000" &:20100201 p.h. now using css and xhtml
REM !! For a new version entry, copy the last entry down and modify Date, Author and Description
SET "version=%version: =%"
for /f "delims=: tokens=2" %%a in ('chcp') do set "restore_codepage=%%a"
chcp 1252>NUL
set "z=%~dpn0.htm"
rem echo.^<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"^> >"%z%"
echo.^<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"^> >"%z%"
set "title=DOS Command Index"
for /f "tokens=*" %%a in ('ver') do set "winver=%%a"
echo.Creating the header ...
for %%A in (
"<html lang='en-US' xml:lang='en-US' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>"
"<head>"
"<style type='text/css'>"
" h1 {text-align:center;}"
" h2 {text-align:center;}"
" table.center {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}"
" td {text-align:left;}"
" div.center {text-align:center;}"
" div.sourcebatch {background: #DDDDDD;}"
" div.helptext {background: #F8F8FF;}"
" div.top {float: right;}"
"</style>"
"<title>%title%</title>"
"<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1' />"
"</head>"
"<body bgcolor='#FFFFCC'>"
"<font color='darkblue'>"
"<h1>%title%</h1>"
"<div class='center'>"
"<table class='center' border='1' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='3'>"
" <tr><td>Windows Version</td><td>:</td><td>%winver%</td></tr>"
" <tr><td>Document Source</td><td>:</td><td>"
" <a href='http://www.dostips.com/'><b>http://www.dostips.com</a><br />"
" <a href='http://www.dostips.com/%~n0.php'><b>http://www.dostips.com/%~nx0.php</a>"
" </td></tr>"
" <tr><td>Created by</td><td>:</td><td><a href='http://www.dostips.com/%~nx0'>"
" <b>%~nx0</b></a><br /><a href='#%~n0'><b>Source Code below</b></a></td></tr>"
"</table>"
"</div>"
"<br /><br />"
"<table class='center'>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
echo.Creating the index ...
set /a cnt=0
for /f "tokens=1,*" %%a in ('"help|findstr /v /b /c:" " /c:"For more""') do (
for %%A in (
" <tr><td><a href='#%%a'>%%a</a></td><td>%%b</td></tr>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
set /a cnt+=1
)
for %%A in (
"</table>"
"<br /><br />"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
echo.Extracting HELP text ...
call:initProgress cnt
for /f %%a in ('"help|findstr /v /b /c:" " /c:"For more""') do (
echo.Processing %%a
for %%A in (
"<div class='top'><a href='#'>TOP</a></div>"
"<h2><a name='%%a'>%%a</a></h2>"
"<div class='helptext'><pre><xmp>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
call help %%a >>"%z%" 2>&1
echo ^</xmp^> >>"%z%"
for %%A in (
"</pre></div>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
call:tickProgress
)
echo.Injecting source script ...
for %%A in (
""
"<br /><br />"
"<div class='center'>"
"<div class='top'><a href='#'>TOP</a></div>"
"<a name='%~n0'><h2>DOS Batch Script Source that created this Document</h2></a>"
"This %title% has been created automatically by the following DOS batch script:"
"<br /><br />"
"</div>"
"<div class='sourcebatch'><pre><xmp>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
type "%~f0" >>"%z%"
echo.Creating the footer ...
echo ^</xmp^> >>"%z%"
for %%A in (
"</pre></div>"
""
"</font>"
"</body>"
"</html>"
) do echo.%%~A>>"%z%"
chcp %restore_codepage%>NUL
explorer "%z%"
:SKIP
REM.-- End of application
FOR /l %%a in (5,-1,1) do (TITLE %title% -- closing in %%as&ping -n 2 -w 1 127.0.0.1>NUL)
TITLE Press any key to close the application&ECHO.&GOTO:EOF
::-----------------------------------------------------------
::helper functions follow below here
::-----------------------------------------------------------
:initProgress -- initialize an internal progress counter and display the progress in percent
:: -- %~1: in - progress counter maximum, equal to 100 percent
:: -- %~2: in - title string formatter, default is '[P] completed.'
set /a "ProgressCnt=-1"
set /a "ProgressMax=%~1"
set "ProgressFormat=%~2"
if "%ProgressFormat%"=="" set "ProgressFormat=[PPPP]"
set "ProgressFormat=%ProgressFormat:[PPPP]=[P] completed.%"
call :tickProgress
GOTO:EOF
:tickProgress -- display the next progress tick
set /a "ProgressCnt+=1"
SETLOCAL
set /a "per=100*ProgressCnt/ProgressMax"
set "per=%per%%%"
call title %%ProgressFormat:[P]=%per%%%
GOTO:EOF
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