Mic*_*der 8 mac keyboard function-keys
在我的 MacBook 上，我使用所有 F1 F2 等键作为标准功能键选项，但未选中。我使用 FunctionFlip 将 F3 从 Expose 映射到 Spaces。
但是，在 VirtualBox 或 VMware Fusion 等虚拟化环境下工作时，我希望将功能键用作真正的功能键。进入“系统”>“首选项”不太方便。
您现在如何检查仅当特定应用程序处于活动状态时才使用所有 F1 F2 等键作为标准功能键？
小智 5
使用卡拉宾枪
该应用程序可以提供 OP 所需的确切功能。user495470 关于 KeyRemap4MacBook 的回答很有帮助，为我指明了正确的方向。然而，它已经过时了，不再像编写的那样工作，因为 KeyRemap4MacBook 已经更新了。现在它被称为Karabiner。它看起来维护得很好，并且是免费的开源软件（另一个答案中提到的 BetterTouchTool 则不同，需要在 45 天后付款）。
设置它
首先下载并安装 Karabiner 应用程序。安装后，为了将功能键重新映射为标准功能键，您需要在首选项中添加“复杂修改”。其中有一些复杂的修改是预先构建的，可以从 Karabiner 网站下载，但您也可以用 json 编写自己的修改。
使用以下代码并将其放置在文件夹中的文件（名称类似于“functionkeys.json”）中~/.config/karabiner/assets/complex_modifications。一旦出现，请转到 Karabiner 首选项并单击Complex-Modifications，然后单击Add rule。您应该看到文本Function Keys in Terminal Apps并单击Enable All。
如何更改哪个前台应用程序导致该效果
此代码专门在使用多个终端应用程序中的任何一个时提供功能键标准功能（在使用任何其他应用程序时不提供任何功能）。此代码还允许通过使用在终端应用程序中使用媒体密钥fn + function key。
虽然OP询问了一个通用的特定应用程序，但特别提到了VirtualBox。通过用任何应用程序替换每个实例的内容，可以更改以下代码以在任何需要的应用程序中创建功能键功能"Bundle Identifiers: [ ... ]"。（VirtualBox 可能是， "^org\\.virtualbox\\.VirtualBoxVM"尽管我还没有尝试过。）使用附带的 Karabiner EventViewer 查找所需应用程序的应用程序标识符，然后插入值。
{
"title": "Function Keys in Terminal Apps",
"rules": [
{
"description": "Use regular function keys in terminal",
"manipulators": [
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f1"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f1",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f2"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f2",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f3"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f3",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f4"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f4",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f5"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f5",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f6"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f6",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f7"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f7",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f8"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f8",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f9"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f9",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f10"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f10",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f11"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f11",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f12"
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f12",
"modifiers": [
"fn"
]
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f1",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f1"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f2",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f2"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f3",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f3"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f4",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f4"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f5",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f5"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f6",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f6"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f7",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f7"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f8",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f8"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f9",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f9"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f10",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f10"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f11",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f11"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
},
{
"type": "basic",
"from": {
"key_code": "f12",
"modifiers": {
"mandatory": [
"fn"
]
}
},
"to": [
{
"key_code": "f12"
}
],
"conditions": [
{
"type": "frontmost_application_if",
"bundle_identifiers": [
"^com\\.apple\\.Terminal$",
"^com\\.googlecode\\.iterm2$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyperterm$",
"^co\\.zeit\\.hyper$",
"^io\\.alacritty$",
"^net\\.kovidgoyal\\.kitty$"
]
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
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