如何在 OS X 登录时在端口 80 上启动 nginx？

Question

我使用自制软件安装了 Nginx ，完成安装后显示以下消息：

In the interest of allowing you to run `nginx` without `sudo`, the default
port is set to localhost:8080.

If you want to host pages on your local machine to the public, you should
change that to localhost:80, and run `sudo nginx`. You'll need to turn off
any other web servers running port 80, of course.

You can start nginx automatically on login running as your user with:
  mkdir -p ~/Library/LaunchAgents
  cp #{prefix}/org.nginx.nginx.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/
  launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/org.nginx.nginx.plist

Though note that if running as your user, the launch agent will fail if you
try to use a port below 1024 (such as http's default of 80.)

但我希望Nginx 在端口 80 上在登录时运行，我不想打开终端并输入sudo nginx来执行此操作。我希望它从像 Redis 和 PostgreSQL 这样的 plist 文件加载。

我将 plist/Library/LaunchAgents/从等效的用户文件夹移到并更改了其所有权，还尝试user在nginx.conf文件中设置指令，但在 Console.app 中仍然出现相同的错误消息：

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (13: Permission denied)

（还有另一条消息告诉我，由于nginx在没有超级用户权限的情况下运行，该user指令被忽略）

Answer 1

我发现一种更简单的方法是在 /Library/LaunchDaemons/ 中创建添加 plist 文件

sudo vi /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nginx.nginx.plist

或者，如果您希望它在登录时启动，您可以将它放在 ~/Library/LaunchAgents/，同一个 plist 文件中。这将允许您从您的用户名访问 launchd launchctl 命令，而无需调用 sudo。

并插入以下内容（确保更新您的 nginx 安装路径，并将用户名更新为您的用户名）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>Label</key>
    <string>nginx</string>
    <key>Program</key>
    <string>/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.6.2/bin/nginx</string>
    <key>KeepAlive</key>
    <true/>
    <key>NetworkState</key>
    <true/>
    <key>LaunchOnlyOnce</key>
    <true/>
    <key>UserName</key>
    <string>yourusername</string>
</dict>
</plist>

Answer 2

我来到这里是因为我遇到了同样的问题。我的解决方案与上面的 Rich 的解决方案类似，只是我使用了 Homebrew nginx 启动脚本：

sudo cp /usr/local/opt/nginx/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons/

作为参考，这是 homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist 的样子：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
  <dict>
    <key>Label</key>
    <string>homebrew.mxcl.nginx</string>
    <key>RunAtLoad</key>
    <true/>
    <key>KeepAlive</key>
    <false/>
    <key>UserName</key>
    <string>root</string>
    <key>ProgramArguments</key>
    <array>
        <string>/usr/local/sbin/nginx</string>
    </array>
    <key>WorkingDirectory</key>
    <string>/usr/local</string>
  </dict>
</plist>

我在 $HOME/.profile 中添加了 2 个别名，以便更轻松地启动和停止 nginx。

# Nginx needs to bind to port 80 so must run as /Library/LaunchDaemon with sudo
alias start-nginx='sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist'
alias stop-nginx='sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist'

我的问题是由于某种原因 nginx 最初没有正确启动。我只需要运行 stop-nginx 来卸载它，然后用 start-nginx 重新启动它。