小编sam*_*jam的帖子

如何在r中旋转盒子图的x轴标签？我知道要使用哪些代码但我无法应用它:

text(**????**, par("usr")[3] - 0.25, srt = 45, adj = 1, labels = labels, xpd = TRUE)

我有问号的地方有什么变数？我创建了这个箱图:

使用此代码:

soil=read.csv("soil_temp_boxplot.csv", header=TRUE, sep=";")    
tiff("soil_boxplot.tiff")
par(mar=c(5.5,3.5,0.5,0.5))
labels<-paste(c("RB-GL830-[16]-10","RB-GL830-[16]-30", "SB-GL834-[11]-10","SB-GL834-[11]-30", "RB-GL843-[17]-10","RB-GL843-[17]-30","SB-GL864-[12]-10","SB-GL864-[12]-30","SB-GL989-[10]-30", "RB-F844-[18]-10", "RB-F844-[18]-30", "SBB-F-864-[14]-10","SB-F991-[13]-10", "SB-F991-[13]-30"))
boxplot(soil$rb.gl.10.830.16, soil$rb.gl.30.830.16, soil$sb.gl.10.834.11, soil$sb.gl.30.834.11, soil$rb.gl.10.843.17, soil$rb.gl.30.843.17, soil$sb.gl.10.864.12, soil$sb.gl.30.864.12, soil$sb.gl.30.989.10, soil$rb.f.10.844.18, soil$rb.f.30.844.18, soil$sbb.f.10.864.14, soil$sb.f.10.991.13, soil$sb.f.30.991.13, yaxt="n", col=c("darkolivegreen1","darkolivegreen4","darkolivegreen1","darkolivegreen4","darkolivegreen1","darkolivegreen4","darkolivegreen1","darkolivegreen4","darkolivegreen1","burlywood2","burlywood4","burlywood2","burlywood2", "burlywood4"))
axis(1, labels = TRUE)
axis(2, c(0, 8, c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6,7)), las=1)
text(labels, par("usr")[3] - 0.25, srt = 45, adj = 1, labels = labels, xpd = TRUE)
mtext(2, text="Soil Temperature …

首先，我是 db 和 sql 的真正新手。但是，我必须有表、PERSON 和 SPECIES，并且我想向表 SPECIES 添加一个外键。尝试添加外键时，我总是收到错误消息“ORA-900904：无效标识符”。我就是不知道我做错了什么，为什么它不起作用？！？！

这是我的方法：

PERSON 表和主键

create table person
(
name varchar2 (30),
firstname varchar2 (30),
persid number (8) not null
)
;

alter table person 
add constraint person_pk 
primary key (persid)
;

SPECIES 表和主键

create table species
(
speciesnamelat varchar2 (30),
vartid number (8) not null
)
;

alter table Species
add constraint species_pk
primary key (vartid)
;

这部分工作正常，但以下不起作用：

指代人的物种的外键

alter table species
add constraint species_person_fk
foreign key (persid)
references person (persid)
; …

我正试图在r中制作一个分组的条形图,但有一些我无法弄清楚的事情.这是我到目前为止:

我想要:

1. 从data.frame创建矩阵(.csv文件,见下文)
2. 要出现的下划线,但不是在酒吧前面
3. 分组条形图的标签(11月,12月,1月,... - >参见下面的数据)
4. 绘图布局如下图所示.(我基本上想要情节边框)

我使用了以下代码:

x<-matrix(nrow=3,ncol=7, data=c(200,227,196,210,279,319,220,126,111,230,196,123,240,106,94,250,154,233,260,226,218))
tiff("p_month_all.tiff", width=600, height=300)
par(mar=c(5,4,0.5,0.5))
a=c("November","December","January","February","March","April","May")
barplot(x, beside=TRUE, ylim=c(0,350),xlab="Month", axes=TRUE,axis.lty=1, ylab="Monthly Precipitation [mm]", col=c("darkblue","dodgerblue3","deepskyblue1"),panel.first= abline(h = c(50,100,150,200,250,300), col = "grey", lty = 2), xaxt="n", yaxt="n")
par(ps=12, cex =1, cex.main=2)
axis(2, c(0,350, c(50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300)), las=1)
dev.off()

数据集(.csv文件)如下所示:

Month      Hornberg   Strick   Huetten
November     120       278       234
December     279       156       145
January      328       300       299
February     267       259       234
March        190       201       187
April        150       199       177
May          147 …