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我们有两张图像，一张作为参考，另一张我们想要使用 Matlab 来像参考一样对齐。为此，我们需要在两个图像中找到相似点，然后使用最小二乘法计算核矩阵进行变换，如下代码所示：

clear all; close all; clc; imtool close all;
      I1 = rgb2gray(im);
      I2 = rgb2gray(ref);
      points1 = detectSURFFeatures(I1);
      points2 = detectSURFFeatures(I2);
      [features1,valid_points1] = extractFeatures(I1,points1,'SURFSize',64);
      [features2,valid_points2] = extractFeatures(I2,points2,'SURFSize',64);
      indexPairs = matchFeatures(features1,features2);
      matchedPoints1 = valid_points1(indexPairs(:,1),:);
      matchedPoints2 = valid_points2(indexPairs(:,2),:);
      [tform, correct1,correct2] = estimateGeometricTransform(matchedPoints1,matchedPoints2,'projective','MaxNumTrials',100000,'Confidence',99.9999,'MaxDistance',4);
      sourcepoints = correct1.Location;
      targetpoints = correct2.Location;
      sizenum = size(sourcepoints,1);
      x_source = sourcepoints(:,1);
      y_source = sourcepoints(:,2);
      x_target = targetpoints(:,1);
      y_target = targetpoints(:,2);
      zero_vec = zeros([sizenum,1]);
      one_vec = ones([sizenum,1]);
      H = [x_source,y_source,one_vec,zero_vec,zero_vec,zero_vec,-x_source.*x_target,-y_source.*x_target;...
           zero_vec,zero_vec,zero_vec,x_source,y_source,one_vec,-x_source.*y_target,-y_source.*y_target];
      Y = [x_target;y_target];
      variables = (inv(H'*H))*H'*Y;
      variables(9) …