小编das*_*s-g的帖子

我将我的app容器链接到postgres run:

docker run --link postgres:postgres someproject/develop

它工作得很好.

但我意识到我需要先用django命令将一些东西安装到数据库中run.所以我需要连接build.

我怎样才能做到这一点？

docker build -h没有--link选择权.

我正在使用devise(最新版本 - 3.2.0)rails(最新版本 - 4.0.1)

我正在进行简单的身份验证(没有ajax或api)并且收到CSRF真实性令牌的错误.检查下面的POST请求

started POST "/users/sign_in" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-11-08 19:48:49 +0530
Processing by Devise::SessionsController#create as HTML

 Parameters: {"utf8"=>"?",    
 "authenticity_token"=>"SJnGhXXUXjncnPhCdg3muV2GYCA8CX2LVFV78pqddD4=", "user"=> 
{"email"=>"a@a.com", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "remember_me"=>"0"},
"commit"=>"Sign in"}

Can't verify CSRF token authenticity
 User Load (0.4ms)  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" =  
'a@a.com' LIMIT 1
(0.1ms)  begin transaction
SQL (0.4ms)  UPDATE "users" SET "last_sign_in_at" = ?, "current_sign_in_at" = ?,
"sign_in_count" = ?, "updated_at" = ? WHERE "users"."id" = 2  [["last_sign_in_at", Fri,
08 Nov 2013 …

在测试的Rails 4.2.0应用程序中rspec-rails,我提供了一个JSON Web API,它具有类似REST的资源,具有强制属性mand_attr.

我想测试一下,BAD REQUEST当POST请求中缺少该属性时,此API会回答HTTP代码400().(请参阅第二个示例.)我的控制器尝试通过抛出一个来生成此HTTP代码ActionController::ParameterMissing,如下面的第一个RSpec示例所示.

在其他 RSpec示例中,我希望通过示例(如果它们是预期的)挽救引发的异常或者命中测试运行器,因此它们会显示给开发人员(如果错误是意外的),因此我不想要去除

  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false

来自config/environments/test.rb.

我的计划是在请求规范中包含以下内容:

describe 'POST' do
  let(:perform_request) { post '/my/api/my_ressource', request_body, request_header }
  let(:request_header) { { 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json' } }

  context 'without mandatory attribute' do
    let(:request_body) do
      {}.to_json
    end

    it 'raises a ParameterMissing error' do
      expect { perform_request }.to raise_error ActionController::ParameterMissing,
                                                'param is missing or the value …

我是python中的新手,想学习使用pandas,但我甚至无法在python中正确使用该包.

在终端我试过

$ conda install pandas

结果是:

Fetching package metadata .......
Solving package specifications: ..........

# All requested packages already installed.
# packages in environment at /Users/rudyyuan/anaconda:
#
pandas                    0.18.1              np111py27_0  
Rudy-Yuans-MBP:~ rudyyuan$ 

然后我尝试使用pip安装:

Rudy-Yuans-MBP:~ rudyyuan$ pip install pandas
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pandas in        
./anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): python-dateutil in     
./anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from pandas)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pytz>=2011k in    
./anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from pandas)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): …

在迭代数据结构时将元素添加到数据结构(例如向量)时会发生什么.我可以不这样做吗？

我尝试了这个,它打破了:

int main() {
    vector<int> x = { 1, 2, 3 };

    int j = 0;
    for (auto it = x.begin(); it != x.end(); ++it) {
        x.push_back(j);
        j++;
        cout << j << " .. ";
    }
}

如何进行不区分大小写的字符串比较？

从我从谷歌的理解和上述两个功能的链接:lower()与casefold()将转换为小写的字符串,但casefold()甚至会转换为不区分大小写的字母,如ß用德语ss.

关于希腊字母的所有内容,但我的问题一般:

• 还有其他差异吗？
• 哪一个更好地转换为小写？
• 哪一个更好地检查匹配的字符串？

第2部分:

firstString = "der Fluß"
secondString = "der Fluss"

# ß is equivalent to ss
if firstString.casefold() == secondString.casefold():
    print('The strings are equal.')
else:
    print('The strings are not equal.')

在上面的例子中,我应该使用:

lower() # the result is not equal which make sense to me

要么:

casefold() # which ß is ss and result is the
        # strings are equal. (since I am a beginner that still …

我需要在列上计算不同的值,例如:

Hours
1
1
2
null
null
null

结果必须是:3.我的查询是:

select count(distinct hour) from hours;

但它返回:2.我也测试过:

select count(*) from hours group by hour

但它返回三行:

(1) 3
(2) 2
(3) 1

如何将空值计算为1值并使用distinct来避免计算重复值？

我正在学习高级SQL,他们想要我对所有解决方案的这些要求:

尝试最小化解决查询所需的子查询数.此外,您不能使用以下结构:

• FROM或SELECT中的SELECT.您可以拥有子查询(在WHERE或HAVING中选择SELECT)
• 聚合函数的组合,例如COUNT(COUNT ...)),SUM(COUNT ...))等.
• UNION,如果你能避免它.
• 非标准功能(如NVL)
• 案件

在Django 1.8项目中,当有以下代码时,我的迁移工作正常:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import migrations
from django.conf import settings


def update_site_forward(apps, schema_editor):
    """Add group osmaxx."""
    Group = apps.get_model("auth", "Group")
    Group.objects.create(name=settings.OSMAXX_FRONTEND_USER_GROUP)


def update_site_backward(apps, schema_editor):
    """Revert add group osmaxx."""
    Group = apps.get_model("auth", "Group")
    Group.objects.get(name=settings.OSMAXX_FRONTEND_USER_GROUP).delete()


class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        ('auth', '0001_initial'),
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.RunPython(update_site_forward, update_site_backward),
    ]

此组是在迁移中创建的,因为它应在Web应用程序的所有安装中可用.为了使它更有用,我还想给它一个默认权限,所以我改为update_site_forward:

def update_site_forward(apps, schema_editor):
    """Add group osmaxx."""
    Group = apps.get_model("auth", "Group")
    Permission = apps.get_model("auth", "Permission")
    ContentType = apps.get_model("contenttypes", "ContentType")
    ExtractionOrder …

我使用getPython requests库的功能下载文件.为了存储文件,我想确定Web浏览器用于"保存"或"另存为..."对话框的文件名.

容易,对吗？我可以从Content-Disposition HTTP头中获取它,可以在响应对象上访问:

import re
d = r.headers['content-disposition']
fname = re.findall("filename=(.+)", d)

但在这个话题更加密切关注,不在于简单:

根据RFC 6266第4.3节和4.1节中的语法,值可以是不带引号的标记(例如the_report.pdf)或带引号的字符串,它也可以包含空格(例如"the report.pdf")和转义序列.进一步,

当"filename"和"filename*"都出现在单个标题字段值中时,[我们]应该选择"filename*"并忽略"filename".

filename*但是,它的价值比那个更复杂filename.

此外,RFC似乎允许额外的空白围绕=.

因此,对于RFC中列出的示例,我想要以下结果:

• Content-Disposition: Attachment; filename=example.html
  

  Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 文件名: example.html

• Content-Disposition: INLINE; FILENAME= "an example.html"
  

  Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 文件名: an example.html

• Content-Disposition: attachment;
                       filename*= UTF-8''%e2%82%ac%20rates
  

  Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 文件名: € rates

• Content-Disposition: attachment;
                       filename="EURO rates";
                       filename*=utf-8''%e2%82%ac%20rates
  

  Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 文件名:€ rates这里也是(不是EURO rates, …

我用了

conda install gdal

安装GDAL包.但导入包时出现以下错误.

>>> from osgeo import gdal
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/danqing0703/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/osgeo/__init__.py", line 21, in <module>
    _gdal = swig_import_helper()
  File "/Users/danqing0703/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/osgeo/__init__.py", line 17, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_gdal', fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/danqing0703/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/osgeo/_gdal.so, 2): Library not loaded: libgdal.20.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/danqing0703/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/osgeo/_gdal.so
  Reason: image not found
>>> from osgeo import ogr
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/danqing0703/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/osgeo/__init__.py", line 21, in <module>
    _gdal = …