小编Fra*_*tia的帖子

我在一个我必须写的大功能里面.在最后一部分中,我必须计算数据框中列的平均值.我操作的列的名称是作为函数的参数给出的.

我正在阅读Michael Hartl撰写的Ruby on Rails教程并继续阅读.我在尝试做一些测试时遇到了问题.

[fran@fran-desktop twitter-clone]$ bundle exec rake test
/media/Data.II/Dropbox/Web Development/odin-project/3. Ruby on Rails/twitter-clone/db/schema.rb doesn't exist yet. Run `rake db:migrate` to create it, then try again. If you do not intend to use a database, you should instead alter /media/Data.II/Dropbox/Web Development/odin-project/3. Ruby on Rails/twitter-clone/config/application.rb to limit the frameworks that will be loaded.
/home/fran/.gem/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /home/fran/.gem/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/fran/.gem/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/fran/.gem/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/fran/.gem/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' …

我正在按照教程学习API的基础知识,但我遇到了麻烦.这就是我所做的:

Rails.application.routes.draw do
  namespace :api, constraints: {format: :json} do
    resources :kittens
  end
end


#app/controllers/api/kittens_controller.rb
class API::KittenController < ApplicationController

  def index
  end

end

#config/initializers/inflections.rb
ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
  inflect.acronym 'API'
end

访问/ api/kittens时出错

Unable to autoload constant API::KittensController, expected /media/Volume.II/Dropbox/Web Development/odin-project/3. Ruby on Rails/odin-kittens/app/controllers/api/kittens_controller.rb to define it

Extracted source (around line #495):

        else
          require_or_load(expanded, qualified_name)
          raise LoadError, "Unable to autoload constant #{qualified_name}, expected #{file_path} to define it" unless from_mod.const_defined?(const_name, false)
          return from_mod.const_get(const_name)
        end
      elsif mod = autoload_module!(from_mod, const_name, qualified_name, path_suffix)

任何帮助将非常感激.谢谢.

我遇到的问题是byebug类在第一个之后被忽略了.这很奇怪.我启动服务器.每当有一个byebug声明时,如果它是自服务器启动以来的第一个声明,它就会起作用.如果没有,它会说这个消息:*** Byebug already started. Ignoringbyebug call.和调试器工作的唯一方法是重启服务器(它只能工作一次).

任何帮助将非常感激.

顺便说一句,这发生在每个项目中.

谢谢.

尝试使用sqlalchemy连接到postgres数据库时,我遇到此身份验证问题.这就是我的联系方式:

db_url = 'postgresql+psycopg2:///<role>:<pass>@localhost:5432/basketball'
Engine = create_engine(db_url, echo=False)
SessionMaker = ORM.sessionmaker(bind=Engine, autoflush=False)
Session = ORM.scoped_session(SessionMaker)

这就是我的设置方式 /etc/postgresql/9.3/main/pg_hba.conf

# Database administrative login by Unix domain socket
local   all             postgres                                peer

# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     md5
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 md5

然后,当访问db我得到:

SQLAlchemy  (psycopg2.OperationalError) fe_sendauth: no password supplied 

class Match(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'matches'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    date = Column(Date, nullable=False)
    time = Column(Time, nullable=True)
    league_id = Column(ForeignKey('leagues.id'), nullable=False, index=True)
    league = relationship('League', backref='matches')
    type = Column(enums.matches_types)
    home_team_id = Column(ForeignKey('teams.id'), nullable=False, index=True)
    home_team = relationship('Team', foreign_keys=[home_team_id], backref='home_matches')
    away_team_id = Column(ForeignKey('teams.id'), nullable=False, index=True)


class Team(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'teams'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String, nullable=False)
    country_id = Column(ForeignKey('countries.id'), nullable=False, index=True)
    country = relationship('Country', backref='teams')

我需要编写一个连接列和团队表的查询,显示本地和远程团队的团队信息.

Session.query(Match.date, Match.home_team.name, Match_away_team.name).joins(Team)

这回来了 Can't determine join between 'matches' and 'teams'; tables have …

模型 FacebookPost 和 TwitterPost 共享一个名为 types 的枚举。在创建 facebook_posts 表时正确创建了此枚举，但是在尝试创建 twitter_posts 表时，尝试重新创建此类型会导致错误。

sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (psycopg2.ProgrammingError) type "types" already exists
 [SQL: "CREATE TYPE types AS ENUM ('Video', 'GIF', 'Scratch Reel', 'Card', 'Video Card', 'Text', 'Photo', 'Shared Article', 'Reply', 'Canvas', 'Carousel', 'Video Carousel', 'Link', 'Status')"]

这就是我创建数据库的方式。我不能使用 Base.metadata.create_all，因为我需要明确创建哪些表

Engine = create_engine(db_url, echo=False)
Campaign.__table__.create(Engine)
SubCampaign.__table__.create(Engine)
Creative.__table__.create(Engine)
Hashtag.__table__.create(Engine)
FacebookPost.__table__.create(Engine)
TwitterPost.__table__.create(Engine)

我正在以这种方式创建枚举：

from sqlalchemy import Enum
types = ('Video', 'GIF', 'Scratch Reel', 'Card', 'Video Card',
         'Text', 'Photo', 'Shared Article', 'Reply', 'Canvas',
         'Carousel', 'Video Carousel', 'Link', 'Status')
goals = …

我正在玩图形并编写一个mixin模块来创建图形.我想在其中有一些替代构造函数.这就是我所拥有的:

class Graph(GraphDegree, GraphDegreePlot, GraphGeneration, object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.nodes = set([])
        self.edges = {}
    def get_nodes(self):
        """
        get nodes in graph
        """
        return self.nodes
    def get_number_of_nodes(self):
        """
        get number of nodes in the graph
        """
        return len(self.nodes)
    def get_edges(self):
        """
        get edges in graph
        """
        return self.edges
    def get_heads_in_edges(self):
        """
        get heads in edges present on the graph
        """
        return self.edges.values()
    def add_node(self, node):
        """
        add new node to graph
        """
        if node in self.get_nodes():
            raise ValueError('Duplicate Node')
        else:
            self.nodes.add(node) …

我在使用 FactoryGirl 时遇到问题，我使用序列来避免重复字段，但无论如何验证都失败了。

输出：

  1) CustomersController anonymous user GET #edit is redirected to signin when accessing edit form
     Failure/Error: get :edit, id: create(:customer)
     ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
       Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been taken
     # ./spec/controllers/customers_controller_spec.rb:25:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
     # -e:1:in `<main>'

  3) Customer public class methods executes its methods correctly #find_by_id_or_name finds customer by name
     Failure/Error: let(:john) {create(:customer, name: 'John Doe X')}
     ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
       Validation failed: Email has already been taken, Email has already been …

我正在尝试使用Python中的ftplib上传文件.

ftp = FTP('...')
ftp.login('user', 'pass')                   
f = open(filename)
ftp.storbinary(filename, f)
f.close()
ftp.quit()

storbinary正在返回error_perm: 500 Unknown command.,这很奇怪,因为我遵循其规范.Google搜索返回的信息非常少.有谁遇到过这个问题？