让我们说有一个作者,他有书.为了将作者与书面页面的数量一起获取,可以完成以下操作:
Author.objects.annotate(total_pages=Sum('book__pages'))
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但是,如果我想分别对科幻和奇幻书籍的页面进行总结呢?我想最终得到一个具有total_pages_books_scifi_pages和total_pages_books_fantasy_pages属性的作者.
我知道我可以做以下事情:
Author.objects.filter(book__category='scifi').annotate(total_pages_books_scifi_pages=Sum('book__pages'))
Author.objects.filter(book__category='fantasy').annotate(total_pages_books_fantasy_pages=Sum('book__pages'))
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但是如何在一个查询集中呢?
我正在尝试用本教程学习Kivy .我已经将"这里是这一步的完整代码:"之后的代码复制粘贴到main.py和main.kv中,如上所述.当我试图跑步时,我得到:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main.py", line 47, in <module>
PongApp().run()
File "/home/kivy/code/kivy/kivy/app.py", line 527, in run
root = self.build()
File "main.py", line 41, in build
game.serve_ball()
File "main.py", line 23, in serve_ball
self.ball.center = self.center
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'center'
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我究竟做错了什么?
main.kv:
#:kivy 1.0.9
<PongBall>:
size: 50, 50
canvas:
Ellipse:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
<PongGame>:
ball: pong_ball
canvas:
Rectangle:
pos: self.center_x-5, 0
size: 10, self.height
Label:
font_size: 70
center_x: root.width / 4 …Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)