相关疑难解决方法(0)

当我启用C++ 11时,我在一个小的C++片段中发现了一个有趣的性能回归:

#include <vector>

struct Item
{
  int a;
  int b;
};

int main()
{
  const std::size_t num_items = 10000000;
  std::vector<Item> container;
  container.reserve(num_items);
  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < num_items; ++i) {
    container.push_back(Item());
  }
  return 0;
}

使用g ++(GCC)4.8.2 20131219(预发行版)和C++ 03,我得到:

milian:/tmp$ g++ -O3 main.cpp && perf stat -r 10 ./a.out

Performance counter stats for './a.out' (10 runs):

        35.206824 task-clock                #    0.988 CPUs utilized            ( +-  1.23% )
                4 context-switches          #    0.116 K/sec                    ( +-  4.38% )
                0 cpu-migrations …

我想检查boost::variant在我的代码中应用的程序集输出,以便查看哪些中间调用被优化掉了.

当我编译以下示例(使用GCC 5.3 g++ -O3 -std=c++14 -S)时,似乎编译器优化了所有内容并直接返回100:

(...)
main:
.LFB9320:
    .cfi_startproc
    movl    $100, %eax
    ret
    .cfi_endproc
(...)

#include <boost/variant.hpp>

struct Foo
{
    int get() { return 100; }
};

struct Bar
{
    int get() { return 999; }
};

using Variant = boost::variant<Foo, Bar>;


int run(Variant v)
{
    return boost::apply_visitor([](auto& x){return x.get();}, v);
}
int main()
{
    Foo f;
    return run(f);
}

但是,完整的程序集输出包含的内容远远超过上面的摘录,对我而言,它看起来永远不会被调用.有没有办法告诉GCC/clang删除所有"噪音"并输出程序运行时实际调用的内容？

完整装配输出:

    .file   "main1.cpp"
    .section    .rodata.str1.8,"aMS",@progbits,1
    .align 8
.LC0:
    .string "/opt/boost/include/boost/variant/detail/forced_return.hpp"
    .section    .rodata.str1.1,"aMS",@progbits,1
.LC1: …