Java要求如果在构造函数中调用this()或super(),它必须是第一个语句.为什么?
例如:
public class MyClass {
public MyClass(int x) {}
}
public class MySubClass extends MyClass {
public MySubClass(int a, int b) {
int c = a + b;
super(c); // COMPILE ERROR
}
}
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Sun编译器说"调用super必须是构造函数中的第一个语句".Eclipse编译器说"构造函数调用必须是构造函数中的第一个语句".
但是,您可以通过重新安排代码来解决这个问题:
public class MySubClass extends MyClass {
public MySubClass(int a, int b) {
super(a + b); // OK
}
}
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这是另一个例子:
public class MyClass {
public MyClass(List list) {}
}
public class MySubClassA extends MyClass {
public MySubClassA(Object item) {
// Create a list …Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 任何人都可以解释以下程序的输出吗?我认为构造函数在实例变量之前被初始化.所以我期待输出为"XZYY".
class X {
Y b = new Y();
X() {
System.out.print("X");
}
}
class Y {
Y() {
System.out.print("Y");
}
}
public class Z extends X {
Y y = new Y();
Z() {
System.out.print("Z");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Z();
}
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 有谁知道为什么你可以static使用this()或super()但不是非静态方法引用构造函数的第一行中的方法?
考虑以下工作:
public class TestWorking{
private A a = null;
public TestWorking(A aParam){
this.a = aParam;
}
public TestWorking(B bParam)
{
this(TestWorking.getAFromB(bParam));
}
//It works because its marked static.
private static A getAFromB(B param){
A a = new A();
a.setName(param.getName());
return a;
}
}
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以下非工作示例:
public class TestNotWorking{
private A a = null;
public TestNotWorking(A aParam){
this.a = aParam;
}
public TestNotWorking(B bParam)
{
this(this.getAFromB(bParam));
}
//This does not work. WHY???
private A getAFromB(B …Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud) 当doees实例变量初始化时?是在构造函数块完成之后还是之前?
考虑这个例子:
public abstract class Parent {
public Parent(){
System.out.println("Parent Constructor");
init();
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("parent Init()");
}
}
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public class Child extends Parent {
private Integer attribute1;
private Integer attribute2 = null;
public Child(){
super();
System.out.println("Child Constructor");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("Child init()");
super.init();
attribute1 = new Integer(100);
attribute2 = new Integer(200);
}
public void print(){
System.out.println("attribute 1 : " +attribute1);
System.out.println("attribute 2 : " +attribute2);
}
}
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public class Tester {
public static void main(String[] args) { …Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)