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我一直在阅读div和mul组装操作,我决定通过在C中编写一个简单的程序来实现它们:

文件分割

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    size_t i = 9;
    size_t j = i / 5;
    printf("%zu\n",j);
    return 0;
}

然后生成汇编语言代码:

gcc -S division.c -O0 -masm=intel

但是看生成的division.s文件,它不包含任何div操作!相反,它通过位移和魔术数字来做某种黑魔法.这是一个计算代码片段i/5:

mov     rax, QWORD PTR [rbp-16]   ; Move i (=9) to RAX
movabs  rdx, -3689348814741910323 ; Move some magic number to RDX (?)
mul     rdx                       ; Multiply 9 by magic number
mov     rax, rdx                  ; Take only the upper 64 bits of the …

AMD has an ABI specification that describes the calling convention to use on x86-64. All OSes follow it, except for Windows which has it's own x86-64 calling convention. Why?

Does anyone know the technical, historical, or political reasons for this difference, or is it purely a matter of NIHsyndrome?

I understand that different OSes may have different needs for higher level things, but that doesn't explain why for example the register parameter passing order on Windows is rcx - rdx …