相关疑难解决方法(0)

考虑以下程序:

#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct T
{
    int a;
    double b;
    string c;
};

vector<T> V;

int main()
{
    V.emplace_back(42, 3.14, "foo");
}

它不起作用:

$ g++ -std=gnu++11 ./test.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.7/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/c++allocator.h:34:0,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/allocator.h:48,
                 from /usr/include/c++/4.7/string:43,
                 from ./test.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/4.7/ext/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of ‘void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::construct(_Up*, _Args&& ...) [with _Up = T; _Args = {int, double, const char (&)[4]}; _Tp = T]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/alloc_traits.h:253:4:   required from ‘static typename std::enable_if<std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::__construct_helper<_Tp, _Args>::value, void>::type std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::_S_construct(_Alloc&, _Tp*, _Args&& ...) [with _Tp = …

以下代码:

#include <vector>

struct S
{
    int x, y;
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<S> v;
    v.emplace_back(0, 0);
}

使用GCC编译时出现以下错误:

In file included from c++/4.7.0/i686-pc-linux-gnu/bits/c++allocator.h:34:0,
                 from c++/4.7.0/bits/allocator.h:48,
                 from c++/4.7.0/vector:62,
                 from test.cpp:1:
c++/4.7.0/ext/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of 'void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::construct(_Up*, _Args&& ...) [with _Up = S; _Args = {int, int}; _Tp = S]':
c++/4.7.0/bits/alloc_traits.h:265:4:   required from 'static typename std::enable_if<std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::__construct_helper<_Tp, _Args>::value, void>::type std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::_S_construct(_Alloc&, _Tp*, _Args&& ...) [with _Tp = S; _Args = {int, int}; _Alloc = std::allocator<S>; typename std::enable_if<std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::__construct_helper<_Tp, _Args>::value, void>::type = void]'
c++/4.7.0/bits/alloc_traits.h:402:4:   required …

我正在使用MSVC,Visual Studio 2013.

假设我有一个结构:

struct my_pair {
    int foo, bar;
};

我想有效地添加一堆这些,而不是创建一个临时的,然后丢弃它:

vector<my_pair> v;
v.push_back(41, 42); // does not work              [a]
v.push_back({41,42}); // works                     [b]
v.emplace_back(41,42); // does not work            [c]
v.emplace_back({41,42}); // does not work          [d]
v.emplace_back(my_pair{41,42}); //works            [e]

现在,如果我将构造函数和复制构造函数添加到我的代码中:

my_pair(int foo_, int bar_) : foo(foo_), bar(bar_) 
{
    cout << "in cstor" << endl;
}
my_pair(const my_pair& copy) : foo(copy.foo), bar(copy.bar)
{
    cout << "in copy cstor" << endl;
}

然后行为改变:

v.push_back(41, 42); // does not work                              [f]
v.push_back({41,42}); …