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如何在Android应用中获取当前时间和日期？

我正在添加这个问题,因为我是Java和Android的新手,我搜索了几个小时试图解决这个问题.答案来自相关答案的组合,所以我想我会记录我为其他可能正在努力的人学到的东西.见答案.

对于一些背景知识,我的经验主要是PHP的Web开发和一点Ruby.我唯一的操作系统是Linux(Ubuntu Studio),我(不情愿地)在Android Studio 2.1.2中开发我的第一个Android应用程序.我的Java设置如下:

>java -version
> openjdk version "1.8.0_91"
> OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-8u91-b14-3ubuntu1~15.10.1-b14)
> OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)

Coming from C#, I got used to the slick interface DateTime and TimeSpan offer. With these, I can access date-time parts (Year, Month, Seconds, etc.), the underlying Ticks, subtract dates, add time deltas and so on.

As a Java/Android newbie, I understand that the equivalent Java Date class used to have these accessors, but they were removed for back-compatibility reasons. The suggested alternative is to use a Calendar object, but I find its interface cumbersome compared with .Net's.

Is there …