如何检测和回显单词中的最后一个元音？

Question

$word = "Acrobat" (or Apple, Tea etc.)

如何用php检测并回显给定单词的最后一个元音？我尝试了preg_match功能,google了几个小时但找不到合适的解决方案.

字符串中可以有多字节字母,如ü,ö.

Answer 1

这是一个捕获字符串中最后一个元音的多字节安全版本.

$arr = array(
    'Apple','Tea','Strng','queue',
    'asartä','n?','a??r','NOËL','gør','æsc'
);

/*  these are the ones I found in character viewer
    in Mac so these vowels can be extended. don't
    forget to add both lower and upper case versions
    of new ones because personally I wouldn't rely
    on the i (case insensitive) flag in the pattern
    for multibyte characters.
*/
$vowels =
    'aàáâã???ä?å???????????????????æ??' .
    'AÀÁÂÃ???Ä?Å???????????????????Æ??' .
    'EÈÉÊ????Ë?????????????????' .
    'eèéê????ë?????????????????' .
    'IÌÍÎ????Ï????????' .
    'iìíî????ï????????' .
    'OÒÓÔÕ???Ö????????Ø??????????????????Œ' .
    'oòóôõ???ö????????ø???????????????????œ' .
    'UÙÚÛ???Ü???????????????????????' .
    'uùúû???ü????????????????????????'
;

// set necessary encodings
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
mb_regex_encoding('UTF-8');

// and loop
foreach ($arr as $word) {

    $vow = mb_ereg_replace('[^'.$vowels.']','',$word);
    // get rid of all consonants (non-vowels in this pattern)
    $lastVw = mb_substr($vow,-1);
    // and get the last one from the remaining vowels

    if (empty($lastVw))
    // it evaluates this line when there's no vowel in the string
        echo "there's no vowel in <b>\"$word\"</b>." . PHP_EOL;
    else
    // and vice versa
        echo "last vowel in <b>\"$word\"</b> is " .
        "<span style=\"color:#F00\">{$lastVw}</span>" . PHP_EOL;    
}

这是输出.

在过去的元音"苹果"是ê
去年元音"茶"是一个
有中没有元音"Strng".
在过去的元音"排队"是ê
去年元音"asartä"是ä
最后的元音在"无"是Ø
在最后元音"AGIR"是ı
最后元音"诺埃尔"是Ë
最后元音"GOR"是Ø
最后元音在"æsc"是æ